| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 1952年第十五届赫尔辛基奥运会上，原苏联初次表态就以金牌22枚，奖牌总数71枚的好成就在金牌榜和奖牌榜上紧随美国以后。二十世纪九十年月初，俄语论文题目，苏联崩溃。占领原苏联国土面积的76%的俄罗斯，作为其最重要的继续国在国际竞技体育的各类竞赛中成就却渐渐地往下滑落。从1996年到2017年四届夏日奥运会中，俄罗斯在金牌榜排名滑至第三，列于中国以后。夏季奥运会的下滑更加显著，1994年利勒哈默尔冬奥会上，俄罗斯金牌榜第一(11枚)，但是到了2017年温哥华冬奥会急速跌至第十一(3枚)。别的俄罗斯的个体优势奥运项目成就下滑明显，例如体操和名堂溜冰。2017年温哥华冬奥会上，名堂溜冰双人滑金牌被中国夺得，俄罗斯(从原苏联到俄罗斯)掉守四十六年的冠军宝座；俄罗斯体操更是遭受2004年雅典奥运会和2017年北京奥运会上金牌零的为难。本文等于针对原苏联崩溃后的俄罗斯在其加入的历届奥运会上(夏季奥运会、夏日奥运会)整体比赛成就下滑的景象，从社会、经济、体育治理体系体例等方面动手，俄语论文网站，综合剖析其缘由。个中经济身分和体育治理体系体例身分是剖析的重点。另外，王公法在《雅典奥运会俄罗斯竞技实力下滑的缘由及其思虑》中指出，俄罗斯雅典奥运会成就下滑与本身过于“自信”的竞技年夜国心态不有关系。不管是奥运会开赛前俄罗斯国度奥委会对本国活动员制订的太高奖牌目的，照样在赛中显著落伍的情形下收回“青出于蓝”的压力，都是俄罗斯竞技年夜国心态而至。对于体育成长来讲，经济基本的主要性不容疏忽。原苏联崩溃后，俄罗斯经济遭到重创。不景气的经济形成俄罗斯对国际黉舍体育、体育科研、竞技体育投入的年夜量削减、活动员和锻练员等体育人才流掉。这是招致其竞技体育实力下滑的主要缘由。一个国度竞技体育成就的利害与其竞技体育治理体系体例有着直接的关系。俄罗斯的竞技体育治理轨制多年来一向在变更中，缺少稳固性和连接性，在社会转型的年夜配景下竞技体育治理体系体例的改造艰苦重重，成绩颇多。俄罗斯最近几年来年夜力发扬年夜众体育，在《俄罗斯联邦2017—2017年体育活动成长》联邦筹划纲领中凸明显重成长年夜众体育的改造思绪。不管是国度拨款照样存眷度方面都着重年夜众体育扶植成长。“轻竞技严重众”的这一留意力的转移也是形成奥运比赛成就下滑弗成疏忽的身分。俄罗斯奥运成就的下滑除本身的缘由，还有来自美国的冲击和中国的挑衅内在缘由。面临奥运成就安稳成长的美国和后起之秀中国，俄罗斯奥运比赛压力重重。中国与俄罗斯有着汗青的渊源一与俄罗斯的前身原苏联的国情、社会轨制、经济状态和竞技体育治理体系体例上都有很多雷同的地方，现在中国的竞技体育异样面对转型时代的考验。是以对原苏联崩溃后俄罗斯以奥运比赛为代表的竞技体育掉败经验停止研究对我国竞技体育改造和成长有侧重要的自创、参考意义。 Abstract: 1952 fifteenth Olympic Games in Helsinki, the former Soviet Union's first position on the 22 gold medals, 71 medals in the total number of good achievements in the gold medal standings and the medals table after the United states. Twentieth Century early ninety years, the Soviet Union collapsed. Russia, which occupies 76% of the land area of the former Soviet Union, is the most important country to continue to fall in the international competitive sports competitions. From 1996 to 2017, the four summer Olympic Games, Russia in the gold medal standings ranked third, after the chinese. The fall of the summer Olympic Games is more significant, the 1994 Lillehammer Winter Olympics, the first Russian gold medal table (11), but the 2017 Vancouver Winter Olympics in dropped to eleventh (3). Other Russian individual advantage of the Olympic project achievement fell significantly, such as gymnastics and ice skating tricks. The 2017 Vancouver Winter Olympics, tricks skating skating gold medal was won China's, Russia (from the former Soviet Union to Russia) to keep off the 46 years of champion; the Russian gymnastics is subjected to the 2004 Athens Olympic Games and the 2017 Beijing Olympic Games gold medal zero embarrassed. This article is equal to the former Soviet Union after the collapse of the Soviet Union in its accession to the previous Olympic Games (Summer Olympics, summer games) overall competition achievements of the scene, from the social, economic, sports management system and other aspects of the work, comprehensive analysis of its causes. The key point of the analysis is the economic status and sports management system. Also princes in the Athens Olympic Games Russia's competitive strength decline reason and thinking "pointed out that Russian Athens Olympic Games achievement decline and itself too" confident "of athletics big country attitude does not matter. Whether it is the purpose of the Olympic Games before the start of the Russian National Olympic Committee of national activities to develop too high medals, still in the tournament was behind the back pressure of the excel, are Russian athletics big country attitude be caused by. In terms of sports development, the main economic fundamentals can not be ignored. After the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the Russian economy has been hit hard. The downturn in the economy form Russia to international school happen sports, sports scientific research, sports into a large number of cuts, players and coaches, sports brain drain. This is the main reason to lead to the decline of its competitive sports strength. There is a direct relationship between the interests of a country's competitive sports and the management system of its competitive sports. Russia's sports management rail system for years to change, the lack of stability and connectivity, under the big background in the social transformation of the competitive sports management system reform of the difficulties and frustrations of the performance a lot. Russia in recent years on the eve of the force to carry forward the masses sports, in the Russian Federation 2017 - 2017 sports growth "federal planning programme convex obvious heavy growth of masses sports improvement ideas. Regardless of the national funding is still concerned about the emphasis on the development of all aspects of sports. "Light sports serious public" of this attention to the transfer of the transfer of the Olympic Games is also an achievement of the decline in the negligence of the identity. Russia's achievements in the Olympic Games, in addition to its own reason, there is the impact from the United States and China's internal reasons for provocation. Facing the stable growth of the United States Olympic success Olympic Games and the bright younger generation pressure Chinese, russia. China and Russia have a history of origin and the former Soviet Union of Russia's national conditions, social system, economic status and competitive sports management system has many similar places, and now China's competitive sports in the face of the transformation of the era of the test. Is to the former Soviet Union after the collapse of the Soviet Union to the Olympic Games as a representative of the competitive sports in the event of failure to study the transformation and growth of competitive sports in China has focused on the development of reference significance. 目录: |
