| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，俄语毕业论文，下载原文正常，俄语论文网站，内容请直接查看目录。） 苏联是一个多平易近族年夜国,平易近族成绩一直是作用国度稳固与成长的主要身分之一。苏联时代实施的平易近族自决权,和年夜平易近族“赔偿”多数平易近族等政策实际不只没有增进平易近族融会,相反在经济危机和国民生涯程度赓续降低的情形下,惹起平易近族分别主义,苏联年夜国一夜崩塌。是以在苏联崩溃后,不管是俄罗斯联邦当局、引导,照样各界学者,都纷纭对苏联崩溃停止反思。苏联的平易近族政策存在哪些成绩?俄联邦应若何调剂原本的平易近族政策?而我国也是一个多平易近族国度,与俄联邦有类似的地方。对俄联邦平易近族政策的梳理与总结,对我国古代平易近族政策的制订与实施会有必定的启发感化。本文重要采取以文献研究法为主和以比拟法为辅的两种研究办法停止剖析阐述。本文重要阐述了俄罗斯联邦早期平易近族政策的调剂、系统,和调剂以后俄罗斯联邦的平易近族成绩、平易近族政策走向和对我国的启发。本文起首引见俄罗斯平易近族政策的配景,包含对沙皇俄国、列宁时代、斯年夜林时代和后斯年夜林时代平易近族政策及成绩的汗青考核、俄罗斯生齿状态及重要的平易近族成绩。经由过程对配景的懂得,我们可以得出结论：化解平易近族抵触、处置平易近族关系成为苏联崩溃后俄罗斯联邦当局须要面临的重要成绩,俄罗斯联邦必需寻觅到合适本国国情的平易近族实际与政策。在此基本上,本文剖析了苏联崩溃后俄罗斯联邦处置平易近族成绩时所做的更新、调剂,例如：修改“平易近族自决权”；努力躲避平易近族自决和平易近族对等的说法,淡化平易近族认识；将“平易近族对等”改成“国民权力对等”,主意人权和国民权高于平易近族权力；平易近族政策朝多元化偏向成长。随后,本文对演化后的俄罗斯联邦平易近族政策的根本准绳、重要义务、重要内容和目的停止阐述,特殊是对平易近族文明自治政策停止论述,“平易近族文明自治是完成平易近族权力和平易近族好处的有用情势之一”①,实施平易近族文明自治政策可以有用的成长和改良平易近族关系。该部门重要引见它的司法基本、根本准绳、详细内容,和详细实行的规模、情形、意义和存在的成绩。另外本文还剖析了俄罗斯联邦平易近族政策的现状,包含其汗青遗留上去的按平易近族划分国度行政区带来的成绩和移平易近成绩激发的一系列社会成绩。整体看来,俄联邦现行的平易近族政策是相符以后国情的。近几年俄罗斯的平易近族抵触有所减缓,平易近族关系也绝对稳固。但因为各类缘由,一些有关平易近族关系成绩的协定不克不及落实,所以平易近族抵触难以完全处理,依然存在。本文还经由过程对苏联时代平易近族政策的反思和对俄罗斯联邦现阶段平易近族政策的剖析,指出了我国和俄联邦在平易近族成绩上存在的一些差异点,获得启发：增强平易近族联结、强化中华平易近族认识,处理平易近族成绩时防止极端毛病和外界友好组织的参与,使中华平易近族更具向心力、凝集力,终究使各平易近族国民走上配合提高、配合充裕的途径,这才是我国现代平易近族政策的焦点义务。 Abstract: The Soviet Union is a multi-ethnic country, ethnic identity is one of the main performance has been stable and growth of the country. Implementation of the Soviet era ethnic self-determination, and the eve of ethnic "compensation" most plain near family policy actually did not enhance ethnic fusion, contrary to the economic crisis and people's living level gengxu reduce, cause peoples were doctrine, the Soviet Union nations of the eve of the collapse overnight. Is after the collapse of the Soviet Union, regardless of the authorities of the Russian Federation, guide, still scholars from all walks of life, diverse on the collapse of the Soviet Union reflection. The Soviet Union's national policy exists which results? How to adjust the original Russian national policy? China is a multi-ethnic country, there are similar places with the Russian federation. With the summary of the Russian Federation, the national policy of the sort, the formulation and implementation of a certain inspiration effect on ancient China National policy. This paper adopts two kinds of research methods and analogy method supplemented by literature research method of exposition. This paper expounds the important Russia early national policy adjustment, and adjust the system, after the Russian Federation's national achievement, national policy and inspiration to china. This paper first introduces the Russian ethnic policy background, including the tsarist Russia, Lenin, Stalin era and history, the eve of the forest age plain near family policy and the results of the assessment, the Russian population status and important plain race results. Through the process of background understand that we can concluded: to resolve the ethnic conflict, disposal plain nearly family become after the collapse of the Soviet Union Russia federal authorities need to face important issues, Russia must find suitable to its national conditions of ethnic theory and policy. This basically, this article analyzes the after the collapse of the Soviet Union Russia federal disposal plain near family achievement when newer, adjust. For example: modify the "ethnic self-determination"; tries to escape from the plain near family self-determination and plain near family equivalence statement, desalination plain near family know; "ethnic equivalence" changed to "national power equivalence" and idea of human rights and civil rights than plain near family power; plain near family policy towards diversification of biased growth. Subsequently, the evolution of the Russian Federation ethnic policy basic principles, obligations, main content and purpose are discussed, especially on plain near family civilization autonomous policy elaboration, "plain near family civilization autonomous is plain near family power and plain near family benefits useful situation of", implementation of plain near family civilization autonomous policy can be useful to growth and improvement of plain near family relationship. The Department of justice, it introduces important basic basic principles, details, and detailed implementation of the scale, situation, significance and problems. In addition, this paper also analyses the status of the Russian Federation ethnic policy, contains the history left by created by the ethnic division of the state administrative region scores and shift plain near the results inspire a series of social problems. Overall, the current Russian national policy is consistent with the situation after. In recent years, Russia's ethnic conflict has slowed, ethnic relations are absolutely stable. But because of various reasons, not some of the ethnic relations agreement scores than the implementation of ethnic conflict, so difficult to complete treatment, still exist. The via the process of Soviet era ethnic policy of reflection, and analysis of the Russian Federation at the present stage of ethnic policy. It is pointed out that the China and the Russian Federation in ethnic grades exist some differences and similarities, inspired: plain near family connection, strengthening the Chinese plain near family awareness enhancement, processing ethnic results prevent extremely wrong and the outside world of friendly organizations involved in, the plain near family more centripetal force and cohesive force, finally made the plain near National walk with ways to improve, with abundant, this is our country modern ethnic policy focus of obligations. 目录: |
