| 本文以古代汉语中运用频率较高的“V过去”为研究对象,研究内容包含“V过去”的语义剖析、句法剖析、语法化剖析及比拟剖析。在后人研究的基本上,本文起首对“V过去”构造的共时立体停止周全的描述,把动词后的“过去”分为空间位移义、状况位移义和时光位移义,并用动词的“进程”实际辨别了动词后“过去”所表现的几种意义。在对“V过去”构造停止语义剖析时,遵守情势和内容相联合的准绳,找出“V过去”构造隐性的语义内容和显性的句法构造之间的对应关系。经由过程对“V过去”中“过去”的语义特点的剖析和能进入“V过去”构造的V的剖析,力争找出“V过去”表现分歧语义时情势上的标记。是以,具有很强的可操作性。接着本文对“V过去”的句型特色和“V过去”地点句式停止剖析。我们从归结句式的意义动手,对“V过去”地点句式停止分类。在分类的同时,我们找出了一些情势特点,使得每一个类在情势上都有所差别,做到了情势和意义互相验证,从而进一步考核了“V过去”构造中“过去”的性质和意义。同时本文从用时的角度动手,运用语法化的研究办法,商量了“V过去”构造发生和成长演化的纪律,接着描述了“V过去”构造中“过去”的意义由实到虚的成长的进程,并测验考试从认知动因、语义动因等方面临“过去”的虚化动因和虚化限制动因加以剖析。我们以为“过去”正处于虚化的中央阶段,“V过去”的语法化水平尚不高。最初本文对“V过去”构造中与“过去”意义相干的“曩昔”停止比拟。我们以为在表现根本义的空间位移和时光“位移”义时,“过去”/“曩昔”年夜多存在着对称情势的用法。而在表现引伸意义的状况变更义时,“过去”/“曩昔”的用法是纰谬称的。 Abstract: In this paper, the application of the high frequency of ancient Chinese "V in the past" as the research object, the research content contains "V" semantic analysis, syntax analysis, syntax analysis and comparative analysis. In the later research basically, this paper on "V in the past" tectonic synchronic stereo stop comprehensive description to verb "past" divided into space displacement, displacement and time shift of meaning, and some meaning for the verb "process" to identify the verb "in the past," the. In the analysis of the structure of "V" in the past, the principle of the combination of form and content is observed, and the corresponding relationship between the structure of "V" and the dominant syntactic structure is found out. Through the process of "V in the past" in the "past" of the semantic characteristics of the analysis and can enter the "V past" structure of the V analysis, and strive to find out the "V" in the past, the expression of differences in the semantic meaning of the situation. Is to, has a very strong maneuverability. Then, this paper analyzes the characteristics of "V" and "V" in the past. We start from the meaning of the resolution of the sentence, to the "V in the past" place to stop the classification of sentence. In classification at the same time, we try to find out the some of the characteristics of the situation, makes every class in the circumstances are different, do the situation and significance of mutual authentication, nature and significance of "the past" to further assess the "V in the past" structure in. At the same time, this paper from the perspective of the hands and the application of grammaticalization research methods, to discuss the "V" in the past to construct and the growth and evolution of the discipline, and then describes the significance of "the past" "V past structures from reality to virtual growth process, and test from the cognitive motivation, semantic motivation, facing the" past "virtual motives and virtual limit causes were analyzed in this paper. We think that the past is in the center of the stage of the virtual, V in the past, the level of the syntax is not high. At first, the "V" structure in the past and the "past" meaning of the "past" to stop the analogy. We think that in the root meaning of spatial displacement and time "displacement" meaning, "in the past" / "past" of the eve of the exist more symmetrical forms of usage. While in the performance of the extension significance status change "," past "/" past "usage is wrong". 目录: 内容提要 4-5 Abstract 5 第一章 绪论 9-15 1.1 课题探讨的意义 9 1.2 需要说明的问题 9-10 1.3 探讨状况的简介 10-14 1.3.1 对趋向补语的探讨 10-12 1.3.2 对“V 过来”的个案探讨 12-14 1.4 理论、措施及语料来源 14-15 1.4.1 解决问题拟采用的理论、措施 14 1.4.2 语料来源 14-15 第二章 “V 过来”的句法语义略论 15-24 2.1 Langacker 的“过程”理论 15-18 2.2 “V 过来”中“过来”的语义分类及其标准 18-20 2.2.1 以往的意义分类 18 2.2.2 本文的分类 18-19 2.2.3 语义分类的句法标准 19-20 2.3 “V”与“过来”的句法语义特征 20-23 2.3.1 郭锐确定动词过程结构的六条标准 20-21 2.3.2 “V”的语义特征 21-22 2.3.3 “过来”的语义特征 22-23 2.4 小结 23-24 第三章 “V 过来”的句型构式描写 24-34 3.1 “V 过来”所在句式表示通过动作使人或事物发生空间位移 25-30 3.1.1 施事位移类 25-26 3.1.2 伴随位移类 26-27 3.1.3 受事位移类 27-28 3.1.4 抽象位移类 28-29 小结 29-30 3.2 “V 过来”所在句式表示时间“位移” 30-31 3.3 “V 过来”所在句式表示状态“位移” 31-32 3.3.1 主观状态位移类 31-32 3.3.2 客观状态位移类 32 3.4 小结 32-34 第四章 “过来”的虚化历程初探 34-49 4.1 “过来”的形成 35-36 4.2 “过来”的虚化历程 36-41 4.2.1 宋代——分离式动补结构“VO 过来”的出现 36-37 4.2.2 元代——“VO 过来”和“V 过来”的并存 37-38 4.2.3 明代——“V 过来”的融合 38-40 4.2.4 清代——“V 过来”的成熟发展 40-41 4.3 “过来”虚化的动因 41-46 4.3.1 认知动因——隐喻 41-44 4.3.2 心理动因——主观化 44-45 4.3.3 语义动因——原型特征 45-46 4.4 造成“V 过来”融合度较低的原因 46-48 4.4.1 补语音节数对其融合的作用 47 4.4.2 事件终结点对其融合的作用 47-48 4.4.3 “过来”动作意向对其融合的作用 48 4.5 小结 48-49 第五章 “过来”“过去”的对比略论 49-58 5.1 “过来”“过去”形式上的对称 49 5.2 “过来”“过去”使用上的对称与不对称 49-55 5.2.1 “对称”和“不对称” 49-50 5.2.2 空间参照下的“过来”“过去”的用法 50-52 5.2.3 时间参照下的“过来”“过去”的用法 52-54 5.2.4 主观参照下的“过来”“过去”的用法 54-55 5.3 “V/过来/过去”还有两种特殊的可能式 55-56 5.4 “V/过来/过去”结构的歧义和相关问题 56-57 5.5 小结 57-58 结语 58-59 主要参考文献 59-65 致谢 65-66 攻读学位期间的探讨成果 66 |
