| 本文以古代汉语中运用频率较高的“V开”为研究对象，研究内容包含“V开”的句法剖析、语义剖析、语法化剖析及比拟剖析。在后人研究的基本上，本文起首对“V开”构造的共时立体停止周全的描述，把动词后的“开”分为成果义、位移义和肇端义，并用动词的“有界”和“无界”辨别了动词后“开”所表现的几种意义。在对“V开”构造停止语义剖析时，法语毕业论文，采用情势和意义相联合的准绳，找出“V开”构造隐性的语义内容和显性的句法构造之间的对应关系。经由过程对“V开”中“V”的语义特点的剖析，列出了可以或许进入“V开”构造的动词的类，并力争找出“V开”表现分歧语法意义时情势上的标记。是以，具有很强的可操作性。接着本文对“V开”的句法特色和“V开”地点句式停止剖析。我们从归结句式的意义动手，对“V开”地点句式停止分类。在分类的同时，我们找出了一些情势特点，使得每一个类在情势上都有所差别，法语论文，做到了情势和意义互相验证，从而进一步考核了“V开”构造中“开”的意义和性质。同时本文从用时的角度动手，运用语法化的研究办法，商量了“V开”构造的发生和成长演化的纪律，接着描述了“V开”构造中“开”由辞汇意义向语法意义成长的进程，并测验考试从认知角度对“开”的虚化动因和虚化限制动因加以剖析。我们以为“V开”构造中“开”从举措成果义到位移义再到肇端义，是句法地位的转变和隐喻的成果。最初本文对“V开”构造中“开”意义相干或邻近的构造停止比拟，如“起来”、“上”等。我们以为“开”岂论表现成果义、位移义照样肇端义，都遭到了“开”的空间意象的制约。所以固然“开”、“起来”、“上”都可以表现肇端义，但三者功效不完整雷同，也不克不及互相替换。 Abstract: In this paper, in the ancient Chinese used a higher frequency of "V" as the research object, research content includes the "V" syntactic parsing, semantic analysis, grammatical analysis and comparative analysis. In the later research basically, first of all, this article on "V" structure is stereo stop comprehensive description and the verb after the "open" is divided into a Yi Guo, displacement and zhaoduan righteousness, and use the verb "bounded" and "unbounded" to identify the verb "open" the different meanings of. In "V" structure to stop the semantic analysis on the situation and significance of phase combination principle, to find a "V" correspondence between hidden structural semantic content and explicit syntactic structures. Through the process of open "V" in "V" semantic features analysis, lists the may enter "V" structure of verb classes, and strive to find out the "V" of the grammatical meaning of the differences in the performance of the situation of marking. Is to, has a very strong maneuverability. Then the syntactic features of V "and" V "location sentence analysis. We start from the meaning of "reduced sentence, V sentence" site classification. In classification at the same time, we try to find out the some of the characteristics of the situation, makes every class in the circumstances are different, do the situation and significance of mutual authentication, further examination of the "V" structure in "open" the meaning and nature. At the same time, this paper from the perspective of the hands and the application of grammaticalization research methods, to discuss the "V" structure generation and growth of the evolution of the discipline, and then describes the open "V" structure in the "open" by the lexical meaning to grammatical meaning growth process, and examination from a cognitive point of view "on" virtual motives and virtual limit causes were analyzed in this paper. We think open "V" structure in the "open" from the measure results to position movement meaning again to the beginning of the meaning, are the result of a syntactic position change and metaphor. This article was originally to open "V" structure in the "open" tectonic significance coherent or adjacent to carry on the comparison, such as "up", "" and so on. We thought "" Ye on the performance of a fruit of righteousness, displacement meaning still zhaoduan righteousness, have been "open" the space image of the constraints. So although "", "", "" can zhaoduan meaning, but their effects are incompletely the same, also cannot replace each other. 目录: 内容提要 2-3 Abstract 3-4 零 引言 7-12 0.1 课题探讨的意义 7 0.2 需要说明的问题 7-8 0.3 探讨状况的简介 8-11 0.4 理论、措施及语料来源 11-12 第一章 “V 开”的语义略论 12-21 1.1 “V 开”的语义类型 12-14 1.2 “V开”的语义类型与动词的类 14-18 1.3 “V 开”结构中“开”的语义图解 18-20 1.4 “V 开”的歧义形式和类的交叉 20-21 第二章 “V 开”的句法略论 21-30 2.1 “V 开”的句法功能 21-22 2.2 “V 开”的句法、语义略论 22-30 2.2.1 “V 开”所在句式表示动作行为对施事或受事所造成的结果 22-24 2.2.2 “V 开”所在句式表示通过动作使人或物体离开某处 24-27 2.2.3 “V 开”句式表示动作行为或状态的开始并持续 27-30 第三章 “V 开”结构中“开”的历时演变 30-43 3.1 现代汉语“V 开”结构中“开”的类型 30-32 3.2 “V 开”结构的历时发展 32-43 3.2.1 先秦及两汉时期 32-33 3.2.2 魏晋南北朝时期──“VO 开”结构的出现 33-34 3.2.3 隋、唐、五代──“V 开”和分离式动补结构“VO 开”的并存 34-35 3.2.4 宋、元时期──“VO 开”的逐渐消失和表位移义“开”的出现 35-37 3.2.5 明代──表位移义“开”的大量出现和表抽象结果义“开”的萌芽 37-38 3.2.6 清代──表起始义“开”的产生和表抽象结果义“开”的大量出现 38-39 3.2.7 清后至今──“V 开”的发展 39-43 第四章 “V 开”结构中“开”的虚化动因 43-53 4.1 “V 开”结构中“开”的虚化动因 43-50 4.1.1 “开”虚化的语义动因 43-44 4.1.2 主观化与“开”的虚化 44-45 4.1.3 “开”虚化过程的认知动因 —— 隐喻和转喻 45-50 4.2 “开”虚化限制的认知动因 50-52 4.3 小结 52-53 第五章 “开”的相关比较 53-60 5.1 “开”与“起来”的比较 53-55 5.1.1 “开”与“起来”表起始义的共同点 53 5.1.2 “开”与“起来”表起始义的异同 53-55 5.2 “开”与“上”的比较 55-58 5.2.1 “开”和“上”表结果义的比较 55-56 5.2.2 “开”和“上”表起始义的比较 56-58 5.3 “开”与“下来”的比较 58-60 5.3.1 “开”与“下来”表结果义的比较 58 5.3.2 “开”与“下来”表时态义的比较 58-60 结语 60-61 主要参考文献 61-65 致谢 65-66 攻读学位期间的探讨成果 66-68 |
