Since Keyser&Roeper (1984), the middle construction has always been a hot research achievements speak science, is also a controversial topic. The dynamic structure type of research general concentration in the Indo European language, and of Chinese construction discussion is from sung (1994) just start. Although many scholars have studied English and Chinese middle construction, the literature also has a comparative study about English and Chinese middle construction type. However, in the dynamic structure characteristics of the essence, is the Chinese middle construction special syntactic and semantic type and other characteristics, is still an open question as to. So we think there is a need for the middle construction in English and Chinese syntactic and semantic features of the comprehensive comparative study to discuss and stop. This paper first review the debate of the semantic features, including the types, expression, implied agent of any means, and syntactic subject of obligation. This paper not only discusses these characteristics in dynamic semantics, also discussed the external relations between them, pointed out that the focus is moving in the semantic category refers to, in detail, is the attribute (dispositional) refers to the class of. In the sentence to the agent for the subject attribute refers to the sentence, sentence or attribute. Is to described the object, that is, should the non agentive participants, was promoted to the subject position. At the same time, the agent to be upgraded as an implicit argument. Because to a non agent for the subject property class that is to say, with the agent is in dynamic sentences in implied agent in the reference made any means of interpretation. Other attributes category refers to the specific matters do not report the reality, it is the performance of the subject matters can produce attributes prompted, on its own, with ruthless state. Visible, in dynamic semantic attribute category refers to the lead of other characteristics, so we called the dynamic semantic focus. In cross talk with the semantic differences, syntactic differences in speech situation it can be completed in different. In other words, the middle construction will be different in different language in the form. This is a comparative study of the significance of location. English and Chinese two languages belong to different language families, with grammatical features, differences in English and Chinese middle constructions, there must be many differences in the situation. English middle construction is an indisputable reality, while in Chinese, the existence of middle construction is a very controversial performance. In the debate in the comments, Chinese middle construction before the first confirmed its existence. The posterity to the research of "V up / AP" structure assumed for Chinese constructions, construction grammar from the relevant constitutive type definition of that "V up / AP" structure independent of the construction location, in addition, the the structure and the similar structures, such as automatic structure and active structure and patient as the subject sentence, topic sentences, stop the specific comparison. It is pointed out that, "V / AP" structure is different is equal to other structures, is, should put it counts as a self construction. After this, the non agentive subject of "V / AP" structure of the meaning and characteristic of the semantic stopped, invention, the significance of the constructed expression is exactly the semantic, and it in many aspects in English and dynamic structure has many similar places, so we think "V / AP" structure is to is Chinese constructions. In essentially, the "V up / AP" structure stopped specific research, and according to the semantics of the AP pointing to the dividend a, B, C three types that, a type of verbs for meaning of virtual speech perhaps sensory verbs, and B, C two types of verbs for action verbs. The other, A type structure of the "V" can be moved before the subject, and can delete the clause, so it is not a predicate, but to pull out a word, is "self language" ingredients. A type sentence true predicate is AP, that is to say, the subject of this structure can be directly NP and AP subject predicate phrase. Therefore, AP is the original NP properties, V expression is the highlight of the attribute measure. "V up / AP" structure of B type and C type differences in type A, they are the "V" for the predicate in the middle of the AP just as adverbial retouch "V". Visible, can express in dynamic semantics but not A type, B type and C type. So, we think that "B type and C type NP/V /AP" structure is the Chinese middle construction. In fact, in essence, B type and C type should be classified as the same species, we just put them in order to analyze the convenience of the left. There are researchers think, Chinese middle construction and other forms, such as "VP/V /AP" and "VP/V /AP" and "VP/V /AP" and "NP/AP/V" structure. We are one by one analysis of these structures, they do not match all invention, dynamic semantics is, they are not Chinese middle construction type, at least not a typical Chinese middle construction. So, we take the Chinese middle construction is defined as "B type and C type NP/V /AP" structure. After defining the Chinese middle constructions, we discuss the specific Chinese dynamic structure of each part, contains the argument, verbs, and modifiers. Yuan on the English and Chinese middle constructions of the theory, the comment debate in subject position of role and no projection implied agent at the syntactic level. Through process comparison of English and Chinese in the dynamic structure in the subject position of element, the invention of the English middle constructions can be a subject of argument roles are divided, such as English dynamic constructions can be the experiencer and the origin as the subject, and Chinese dynamic construction into the ephod with; on the other hand, Chinese dynamic structure of the subject can be so succeed, when things, purpose, time and other ingredients, and these ingredients in English dynamic constitutive type cannot be the subject. Broadly speaking, Chinese middle construction in non argument subject conditions more than English middle construction. English and Chinese middle construction constraints of verbs have similar places, but there are many different places. Before hand, model between English and Chinese in the dynamic type of verb structure in into the constructions, ordinary with independent [/], [transitive], [/ completed] semantic features. On the other hand, verb structure in English can sometimes take an object or complement components and other achievements, Chinese middle construction of the common verbs with objects, not severe crowding results complement. But, generally speaking, Chinese middle construction productivity than English, many cannot enter the type of verbs in English middle construction can pass in Chinese sentences. Else, we move the transitivity structure of English and Chinese verbs can be divided into two aspects to discuss. Chapeau, we comment on the debate the transitivity of these verbs in into constructions before that, the model dynamic structure of verbs in other contexts ordinary is a transitive verb. Then, we analyze the these verbs in the dynamic structure in the context of transitivity. It is pointed out that, verbs was the dynamic structure type of righteousness depression, from the transitive verbs lead to the derived intransitive verbs. We know that the English and Chinese middle construction modifiers need some form of common type. English dynamic constitutive type modifiers that adverbs embellished, and in some cases can be through the wrist posture, denial, stressed and the core to complete the adverb embellished the effect of. The Chinese middle construction type modifiers is to describe part of speech retouching, and cannot use other means to replace. That is to say, Chinese middle construction in the description of the part of speech is not the lack of polish. Therefore, all the Chinese sentence has certain significance of evaluation, the expression is the objective evaluation of the subject attribute of language. Although English and Chinese in construction of modifiers said for different situations, however, it means less than the composition of differences between English and Chinese middle constructions, because these modifiers in English and Chinese dynamic constitutive function type is different, i.e., as a Polish adverbial predicate verb. As for the situation in which the adverbial and differences of speech characteristics of coherent. In Chinese can be used as adverbial form is diverse, while English is common to adverbial adverbial elements. Need to discuss another major achievement is that Chinese and English middle constructions why need modifiers. This result has three processing schemes, i.e., in structure type of modifiers is request syntax, semantic request, or is the pragmatic need. We think that English and Chinese middle constructions in the Polish language is a pragmatic need. Specifically, Polish language is every word must need to have a core information. In other words, sentence modifiers as the Information Center for the supply of new information discourse. The debate in the comments in English and Chinese middle construction of each component, we also comment from the whole construction field dynamic debate in English and chinese. The paper summarizes the in English and Chinese construction model of style characteristics, and points out that match all these characteristics of the sentence belongs to typical English and Chinese in constructions, or British Hanzhong dynamic construction of prototype; and in a way contrary to these characteristics of the sentence is in English and Chinese construction of SARS fan members. We follow the example and the SARS English middle construction dividends divided types of meaning, and to stop the specific comparison. The invention, in Chinese meaning types than English middle construction is rich, such as Chinese middle construction is not "middle construction" and "design features of middle construction". This is important because of the characteristics of Chinese middle constructions in general cannot be objective description of an entity, have common evaluation significance. Therefore, sometimes, the Chinese middle construction objective expressed in than the English middle construction is strong. The members of constructions in the field of English and Chinese in atypical example and points, and its boundaries are not clear, can be broken. In other words, Chinese and English middle construction field and other similar structure is not clear boundaries between fields. This is confirmed by the cognitive talk "learning on the field of vague argument boundaries. 目录: |
