动词是俄语中最为复杂、容量最大的一个语法范畴，同其他词类相比它具有最强的建构能力。动词结构对句子具有决定性的作用。动词最重要的一个特点就是它通常在句子的语义结构和句法结构中占据核心地位。动词的这种对句子的语义结构和句法结构的制约能力正是动词句法语义属性的集中体现，而动词的句法语义属性集中表现在动词的配价能力上。本文将借鉴配价语法中有关动词配价的理论，从动词配价能力的角度对俄语动词进行略论。本文的创新之处在于，通过对动词语义配价和句法配价的略论，把动词的语义结构和句法结构联系起来，做到了形式和意义的结合。本文的创新之处还在于不仅对动词配价理论方面有争议的问题提出了自己的看法，而且还以动词配价的相关理论为基础，从教学角度出发，俄语毕业论文，对《高等学校俄语系教学大纲》中的动词的配价模式进行了详细描述。全文共分五部分：第一部分：绪论。在这一部分阐释了动词在句子中的核心地位；论述了配价语法探讨的历史及其发展情况并提出了本文的目的和任务。第二部分：论述了动词配价探讨中的几个理论问题，即1）配价语法与传统语法的区别。配价语法和传统语法的根本不同之处在于：谓语动词中心论是配价语法的出发点，主谓核心说是传统句法略论的出发点。2）配价的本质。我们认为，尽管可以从句法、语义、语用等角度对配价特征进行描写，但这并不意味着配价可以分属不同的范畴。配价应是语义平面的概念。3）配价的概念。4）动词价的确定措施。本文主要采用“删除法”和“包容法”为动词定价。5）动词价的最终体现者—题元。第三部分：对俄语三价动词的配价能力进行了全面略论。根据三价动词的词汇—语义特点把动词划分成五个语义小类并概括出每小类动词的语义价模式以及句法价模式。第四部分：论述了俄语二价动词的裂价现象。第五部分：笔者就在俄语教学中运用动词配价理论提出了几点建议。最后论文在结束语中指出：通过对动词的实证性略论和探讨，挖掘隐藏在复杂而零散的语言现象背后的深层机制，尽量将其条理化、规则化，正是动词配价理论探讨的根本所在。运用动词配价理论，可以分别从句法和语义两个层面来解释和描写句子的内在结构，俄语论文，建立起从词到句型的推衍关系，这样语义和句法之间的关系表达得比较清晰和直观，有利于学生对语言（尤其是作为外语）的学习和掌握。因此，我们认为探讨动词配价论对俄语教学有一定的实用意义。
Verb is the most complex and capacious grammatical category in Russian. Compared with other parts of speech, it bears the most powerful constructive capacity. The most important feature of verbs is that it, in most cases, takes up the central place in semantic and syntactic structures of sentences, which is the centralized reflection of the syntactic and semantic attributes of verbs. Such a reflection is manifested in valent capacity of verbs. This paper is to make an analysis of Russian verbs from the perspective of valent capacity of verbs.The novelty of this paper lies in the relation of the semantic structure of verbs with their syntactic structure through the analysis of semantic and syntactic valency of verbs, which leads to the combination of form and meaning. Furthermore, in this paper, the author proposes her own suggestions for some arguable questions in valent theory of verbs and makes a detailed description of the valent model of verbs in college Russian teaching program on the basis of relevant valent theories of verbs for the purpose of teaching.This paper consists of five parts.Part One is introduction. In this part, the central place of verbs in sentences is expounded; the history and development of the study of valent grammar is discussed; the purpose and task of this paper is proposed.Part Two introduces several theoretical issues in the study of Russian verbal valency. They are:(1) The distinction between valent grammar and traditional grammar The basic distinction between valent grammar and traditional grammar is that the starting point of valent grammar is the centrality of predicate verbs, while the starting point of traditional centrality of subject-predicate.(2) The nature of valency. Valency is the concept of semantics.(3) The concept of valency(4) The methods of determining valency in Russian In this paper, the methods of deleting and including are used to determine valency of verbs.(5) The ultimate realization of valency – actantPart Three makes an overall analysis of the valent capacity of Russian triple-verbs. According to the lexical-semantic fractures of triple-verbs, verbs are classified into five semantic categories. In each category, semantic and syntactic valent models of verbs are generalized.Part Four is the discussion of the disruption of Russian double-verbs.Part Five provides some proposals of the author for the application of verbal valent theory into Russian teaching.Finally, in the conclusion part, it is suggested that the nature of the study of verbal valent theory is the discovery of deep mechanism hidden behind complex and isolated linguistic phe3nomena and arranging and regularizing the deep mechanism as properly as possible through the substantive analysis and study of verbs. With the use of verbal valent theory, the internal structure of sentences can be explained and described from the perspective of syntax and semantics and the inferring relation from lexis to sentential model is established. In this way, the relationship between semantics and syntax is expressed more clearly and directly, which is helpful for students to study and master a language (particularly as a foreign language). Therefore, we suppose that the study of verbal valent theory has some practical senses to Russian teaching. |
