同义词现象是语言中存在的一个普遍现象,很早的时候学者们就已经开始关注同义词现象。俄语中也存在着大量的同义词,而且有着久远的探讨历史。人们对俄语同义词的探讨最先是从词汇学开始的。随着语义学的兴起,同义词便成为词汇语义学探讨的主要课题。同时修辞学等其他语言学学科也从各自不同的视角对其进行探讨。随着现代语义学的发展,应用现代语义学相关理论和探讨措施对同义词进行探讨,使得很多问题迎刃而解且独具新意。本文以词义理论为基础,首先结合现有的探讨成果,尝试着归纳出同义词的定义,并略论同义词界定标准的优点与不足,试图用义素略论法对其进行界定;其次,略论并总结出同义词在语言中的功能与影响,最后,探究其在词汇语义系统中的分布、存在形式及特点。本文的语言材料来源于目前进入交际领域的各种俄语语言材料,包括词典、报纸、文学著作等。本文共分三个部分。第一部分为绪论。这一部分主要介绍了论题的选择,论题探讨的历史、近况及趋势,以及本论文探讨的目的、措施、探讨意义及写作新意。第二部分是本文的主体部分,共分四章。第一章为理论部分。这部分主要论述词义的实质、演变、义素略论、语义场等。第二章深入介绍了同义词的性质。在这一部分本文主要谈及同义词的定义、界定以及同义词与近义词的区别。本文认为同义词是指具有相同的词类,具有相同的外延,词的理性意义完全等同或大部分重合,并具有不同外在形式的一组词。同义词存在着差别主要表现在语义程度、语体以及感情评价等附加意义上。同义词与近义词是两个完全不同的概念。第三章主要阐述了同义词的功能与影响。第四章着重探索了同义词的分布问题。本文认为同义词聚合构成同义词群,同义词群具有动态性、开放性,是词群的一个微型群,并且位于词群层级结构的最底层,同时同义词以同义词群为聚合体,分布在词汇语义系统内部。第三部分是结语。这部分是对本文主要内容的一个总结并提出在探讨的过程中应注意的问题。
The synonym is a universal phenomenon in the language. Long long years ago people already paid attention to the synonym. In Russian also there are massive synonyms, moreover also it has a long research history. In Russian first The study began with the lexicology . Along with semantics starting, the synonym has then become its glossary semantics main topic research.The rhetoric also conducts the research from its angle of view, They have own superiorities and own views. Along with the modern semantics development, useing the modern semantics related theory and methods of synonyms, we found that we can solve some difficult problems which are not easy to solve before, and also it has a new meaning. This paper is based on the theory of meaning with the existing research results, the author tried to give the conception of synonyms, analyzes its advantages and disadvantages of definition of synonymous, attempts to use its sememe analysis to define them.The author summarizes the function of synonyms in language, finally explores the position in the lexical semantic system , form and characteristics.This paper presents the language materials from the Russian language which come into communication field, including dictionary, newspapers, literature, etc.This paper mainly uses logic method, contrast methods, still adopts the chart method. This article altogether is divided into five parts:The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the topic selection, research history and research trends, research significance, ways and writing new idea of this essay.The first chapter is theoretical part, including the essence of the meaning, construction and development of the meaning, semantic sememe analysis, the semantic field, etc.The second chapter presents synonyms of nature, the definition, and mainly talks about difference between synonyms and these words which have near meaning. The author thinks that synonyms have the same parts of speech, have the same denotation, and the word meaning is entirely equivalent or mostly partly equal.The words which have near meaning and synonym are completely conception. synonyms have differences , and main differences show in semantic level, styles and emotion feelings and so on.The third chapter introduces function of synonyms. The author summarizes synonyms have classify, rhetoric, replaced three functions.In the fourth chapter introduces distribution of synonyms, the author thinks that Synonyms through the polymerization constitute synonym group which has the dynamic, open characters. synonym group is a tiny group of the word group, which is in the bottom of word group structure in lexical semantic system. ，俄语毕业论文，俄语论文网站 |
