术语学是20世纪新兴的学科,术语学源于语言学,更确切地说,源于以词汇单位作为探讨对象的语言学分支--词汇学。自术语学成为一门独立学科起,其探讨措施沿袭语言学的探讨角度与手段。认知科学也是20世纪探讨的焦点,隐喻是认知的手段之一。早在1725年,意大利哲学家和修辞学家维果(G.Vico)就发现隐喻具有认知功能,自莱考夫(G. Lakoff)和约翰逊(M. Johnson)《我们赖以生存的隐喻》出版以来,认知语言学的隐喻探讨正式拉开序幕。因此,到了20世纪末,术语学与认知科学的交叉探讨产生了新兴分支学科--认知术语学。在术语词义生成的命名、理解及阐释过程中,隐喻发挥了很大的影响,使得术语中出现大量的隐喻现象。术语隐喻探讨成为认知术语学的重要角度。本文在吸收术语学的探讨措施以及隐喻学探讨理论成果的基础上,以俄语经济术语为语料,对俄语经济术语中的隐喻现象进行略论和探讨。研讨认知术语学产生、术语的界定、术语的多义与隐喻的相互关联,进而具体阐释经济术语中的两大类隐喻现象--语言型隐喻及始源型隐喻,并从语言内因素及语言外因素两个层面略论经济术语产生隐喻这一现象的动因,同时论述俄语经济术语的隐喻功能。
As a new branch of discipline in last century, terminology stems from linguistics, or rather it derives from lexicology which is a branch of linguistics with lexical unit as object. It therefore follows the perspectives of linguistics and adopts its methodology since it developed into an independent disciplinary subject. Besides, cognitive science was a focus of study at that time, where metaphor served as an approach to study cognition. As early as in 1725, Italian philosopher and rhetorician G. Vico discovered that metaphor had cognitive function. Later, since the publishing of the book Metaphors we live by written by Lakoff $amp;$ Johnson, the study of metaphor in cognitive linguistics has been touched. Thereby, cognitive terminology came into being a new branch of disciplinary study at the end of 20th century, developing from the overlap of terminology and cognitive science.Metaphor plays an important role to produce a mass of metaphors in terms in the procedure of naming, comprehending and illustrating the meaning of terms.Based on the previous methods of terminology and fruitful theoretical findings of metaphors, the present study, employing Russian economic terms as its corpus, investigates the metaphor in Russian economical terms, explores the generation of terminology with special attention to its definition and the correlation of the polysemy of terms and metaphor and illustrates the two types of metaphors, namely, language-based metaphor and origin-based metaphor. This paper also probes into the possible reasons for the outcomes, along with a discussion of its function. ，俄语论文，俄语论文题目 |
