| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 伊凡四世是俄国汗青上的第一名沙皇，同时也是沙皇独裁轨制的奠定者和全方位对外扩大的开山祖师，他在俄国建国史上占领无足轻重的地位。16世纪50年月，俄语论文题目，伊凡四世为了树立中心集权轨制，停止了一系列包含政治、经济、军事和宗教等方面的改造，这些改造有益于临盆力的恢复和成长，对加强俄国经济实力和军事战役力起到了弗成低估的感化。16世纪60年月，伊凡四世为了袭击波雅尔决裂权势、稳固沙皇独裁轨制，在全国履行特辖制。但是，俄语论文网站，这一轨制的实施却障碍了临盆力的成长，招致了俄国经济的瓦解和农人农奴化的加深。因为俄国事内陆国，关闭的地舆情况极年夜的限制了俄国的对外商业运动和文明来往，障碍了俄国经济文明的成长。所以，伊凡四世当局面对的一项主要义务，是肯定俄国的国际位置，采用积极的对外扩大政策。与此同时，在“重臣拉达”的帮助下，伊凡四世的改造又获得了较好的结果：俄国经济和军现实力加强。但是这却更滋长了俄国对外扩大的野心，伊凡四世开端停止全方位、年夜范围的对外扩大，把经济方才勃兴的俄国拖到了经济好转的泥沼，从而加重了国际原本的社会抵触。 Abstract: Ivan the terrible is in Russian history the first tsar, also is the tsarist autocracy rail of the lay person and a full range of external expanding blazed the trail, he in Russian history of the founding of the people's Republic of China occupied pivotal position. 50 years of the 16th century, Ivan the terrible in order to establish a centralized system, stop the series includes political, economic, military and religious transformation, the transformation is beneficial to the recovery and growth of the productive forces, to enhance its on Russian economic strength and military campaigns to Eph into a underestimated role. 16 century, 60 years, Ivan the terrible to attack the Boyars, break power, solid the tsarist autocracy rail system, in the performance of bondage. But the implementation of the rail system hinder the growth of productivity, lead to the deepening of Russia's economic disintegration of peasants and serfs. Because Russia things landlocked, close geographical situation greatly limits the Russian foreign trade barriers between sport and civilization, civilization of Russia's economic growth. Therefore, Ivan IV authorities face of a main obligation is certainly Russia's international position, the use of active foreign policy of expanding. At the same time, in under the help of Sydney LADA, the transformation of Ivan the terrible and good results: Russian economic and military strength and strengthened. But it is more of the growth of the Russian foreign expansion ambitions, Ivan the terrible start stop full range, the eve of the range of foreign expansion, the economic activity of the prosperity of the Russian drag to the swamp of an upturn in the economy, thereby increasing the international original social conflict. 目录: 中文摘要 3-4 Abstract 4 前言 6-11 一、探讨综述 6-9 二、选题缘由及意义 9-11 第一章 伊凡四世改革前的俄国 11-14 第一节 蒙古鞑靼对罗斯的统治 11-12 第二节 改革前的俄国近况 12-14 第二章 伊凡四世的改革 14-29 第一节 16世纪50年代伊凡四世所进行的各项改革 14-23 第二节 16世纪60年代伊凡四世所推行的沙皇特辖制 23-25 第三节 伊凡四世改革的深远作用 25-29 第三章 伊凡四世的对外扩张 29-37 第一节 伊凡四世时期俄国所处的国际环境 29-30 第二节 伊凡四世在东西两线所进行的对外扩张 30-34 第三节 伊凡四世对外扩张的深远作用 34-37 结束语 37-40 参考文献 40-44 后记 44 |
