| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 农人成绩是自19世纪中叶以来作用俄国社会成长和国度稳固的一个主要成绩。因为俄国本钱主义的成长和农奴制危机的加深，农人成绩日趋凸起。自上而下地改造农奴轨制，处理农人的自在和地盘成绩，是沙皇当局保护本身好处、稳固统治的主要举动。农奴制改造后，俄国农人的社会生涯等方面与改造前比拟产生了很年夜的变更。但改造并没有让农人真正地具有地盘和取得自在，农人仅仅是从司法的虚拟层面上取得了具有地盘的权力，而村社则代替田主成为农人新的监护人。这招致改造后的农人成绩发生了严重的危机，俄语论文范文，社会抵触日趋激化，农人的骚乱和起义赓续。为了解脱危机、稳固政权，斯托雷平停止了农业上的改造。因为改造遭到宽大农人大众的抵抗，和统治阶层外部的抵触等缘由，俄语论文，导致改造以掉败而了结。农奴制改造和斯托雷平改造都是处理农人成绩的主要测验考试，但这两次改造都没有处理农人成绩，农人的生涯并没有获得改良，终究导致了农人走向反动的途径。处理农人成绩的进程，反应了俄国古代化的赓续成长，和俄国的农人若何一步步走向反动的缘由，这在俄国的汗青上有侧重要的意义。本文共分五个部门第一部门重要是剖析改造前农人成绩凸起的缘由，一方面从俄国本钱主义的成长动手，商量本钱主义工业对自在休息力的请求；另外一方面剖析了沙皇统治危机的涌现，经由过程对农奴制停止改造，处理农人的人身和地盘成绩，从而抢救沙皇的独裁统治。第二部门侧重阐述处理农人成绩的初步测验考试，沙皇当局对农奴轨制的改造。商量农奴束缚所须要斟酌的身分和所要预备的任务，并阐述农奴制改造的主要内容。第三部门重要是对农奴制改造后农人现状的剖析。从改造后农人的地盘和人身状态动手，商量出改造后农人在社会生涯等方面所产生的主要变更，剖析农奴制的改造对农人成绩的处理水平。第四部门从农人成绩的危机动手，阐述斯托雷平的改造。经由过程斯托雷平对农人成绩的熟悉，剖析斯托雷平改造的缘由，改造的内容和办法和改造掉败的缘由和作用。第五部门重要是阐述农人成绩和十月反动的关系。剖析农人终究走向反动的缘由，阐述农人和反动之间的接洽，和反动给农人带来的一系列变更和作用。 Abstract: The result is a major achievement of Russian social development and the country strong influence since mid nineteenth Century. Because of Russian capitalism growth and serfdom crisis deepened, the farmer is increasingly outstanding achievement. Top-down reform serf system, farmer's freedom and land grades, the Tsarist authorities protect itself benefits and secure the rule of the main action. The serf system after the transformation, produced very big change compared to social life and other aspects of the transformation of Russian farmers before. But the transformation and did not let the farmer true land and freedom, the farmer is only from judicial virtual level achieved with sites of power, and village will replace the landlord to become the new guardian of the farmers. This leads to the transformation of the farmer achievement produced a serious crisis, social contradictions intensifies day by day, farmer's riots and revolts ceaselessly. In order to relieve the crisis, the stable regime, Stolypin stopped the transformation of agriculture. Because of the transformation by the broad masses of peasants of the resistance, and outside the ruling class conflicts reason leading to the transformation to fail and settle. Serfdom reform and Stolypin's reform is processing performance of the farmers the main test, but the two transformation are not dealt with results of the farmers, farmer's career did not get improved, eventually led to the farmers to the reactionary way. Processing farmer performance process, the reaction of the ceaseless development of ancient in Russian, and Russian farmers how to step by step to reactionary reason, which in the history of Russia have important significance. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part, the important is to analyze the transformation of the former farmers outstanding achievement reason, from the growth of Russian capitalism hands-on, discuss the capitalist industrial request for free labor force; on the other hand analysis of the Tsarist crisis emerged, through process of serfdom stop transformation, farmer's personal and site performance, to rescue the Tsar's autocratic rule. The second department focuses on the preliminary test results of farmers processing, transformation of the serf system tsarist authorities. Discuss the serf bound by the need to consider the identity and to prepare the task, and expounds the main contents of serfdom reform. The third sector is important to analyze the status of farmers after serf system reform. From the transformation after the farmer's land and people body state hands, to discuss the major changes after the transformation of farmers in the social life, such as generated by, serf system transformation analysis on the performance of farmers. The fourth sector from farmer achievement crisis hands-on, elaborates Stolypin's transformation. Through the process of Stolypin's performance of farmers familiar, analysis of reasons for the Stolypin reform, transformation of the content and methods and transformation off defeat reason and influence. The fifth part is to explain the relationship between farmers and the achievements of the revolution of October. Analysis of farmers eventually to the reactionary reason, on contact between farmers and reactionary, reactionary and give farmers brought a series of change and influence. 目录: |
