This paper into the United States from 1881 to 1920 Russian Jews as the research object, adequate application from 1881 to 1920 important Jewish newspapers, American underground publication of the United States Congress to declare a hand materials, application of idealism and dialectics of history and science, to union, from 1881 to 1920 Russian Jews moved to the reason of the United States and the United States national authorities responded to stop the examination, and grades of ancient Russian Jews to stop the profound discussion, to remind the Russian Jews in migrating the United States after the intervention of the ancient economic state, out of the "ghetto" into the city in the process, slowly receiving secular ideas the process and actively involved in the political career. This paper is divided into introduction, comment and conclusion three most. Note the Department is divided into five chapters. The first chapter explains the reason of Russian Jews moved people of the United states. This analysis at touch and when both the American and Russian political and economic situation, and points out that Russia has repeatedly produced against Jews harmful matters is to bring about the main thrust of Russian Jews to flee the exotic, and regulations on both sides of the Atlantic Jewish immigration agencies nearly in Russian Jewish migration to display their important role in the process. The Department is trying to deal with a score is in the lead to Russian Jewish migration for two reasons a person harm and personal poverty in which is the main, this paper points out that in the Russian Jews in 1881 for the first time to the United States in the migration process, the poor is the main reason, however later personal harm has become the most important reason, due to a growing number of Russian Jews of the middle class in the immigrants in the United States of the eve of the tide. The second chapter analyzes the American authorities in Russia, adjust immigration arrival made in terms of the policy. The authorities in the United States is not issued specifically for the Jewish community of the immigration bill, but the United States every immigration policy adjustment seems to be with the Russian Jewish immigrants in recent years has come the scope of the night. The 1881 shift plain near method, 1893 shift plain near method, 1903 shift folk law and migration matters of harm the introduction of folk law with Russia in 1921 brings about a large number of Jewish emigration from at the time on the height differences. The whole point of view, the era of American immigration policy gradually strict, with the United States when the international economic environment is closely related to. At international border development has been into the prelude, the city labor conflict is increasingly outstanding, in intermittent recession, folk performance becomes extremely sharp, labor leaders often in immigration performance in the eve of the article. Immigration policy strictly important says growth in many restricted items in immigration law, and enhance the legal efforts of our immigration laws, caused dissatisfaction with the Jewish community leaders. In this chapter, this paper will focus on the United States to discuss various civil societies shift made in Russia for the heads of Jewish immigrants vying for power in the process of trying to. The third chapter discuss the adaptation process of Russian Jews in the United states. This department is important around three aspects: economic performance, adaptation, "ghetto" civilization achievements and adaptation, open this. Through analysis, we can see that the Russian Jews via process itself effort, career transition state, eliminating the American Jewish community concerns they become compassionate burden to social concerns and confirmed their livelihoods would not German Jewish difference. This paper pointed out that the Russian Jews finally in the garment industry and traders movement. Therefore, they endured a hard workshop despicable situation, but after they saved up enough money to other more promising industry. "Ghetto" performance is also widely concern in American society. This paper analyzes on the important achievements based on the lower east side of New York "ghetto" experience. New York "ghetto" is the largest US Russian Jewish community, they chose the "ghetto" is actually a continuation of their livelihood in the European way of life. In such a situation, they feel safe, because the people here speak Yiddish, and multi faith of Orthodox Judaism. However, the congestion, dirty hurt Russian Jews abstraction, cause the older generation Jewish American shift plain near the ill, so New York Jewish community for the state transition and the establishment of industrial transfer office, encouraged "isolation" in blood workshop to the inland towns transfer, and transfer funds supply support, after all, victory will 5 million Russian Jews have shifted out of New York "ghetto". This result is also conform to the civilization Department focus. Religion is the focus of civilization, so the civilization to adapt to the discussion. This paper focuses on the Jews of Eastern European talk of religious belief change. This paper pointed out that prior to the Eastern European Jewish shift plain in recent years, night range to reach the United States, the major components of American Jews are Ashkenazi Jews, they worship the Jewish reform school. This kind of worship by enlightenment effect is bigger, with the United States Christian Puritanism is similar to the anomalies, and Eastern European Jews worship Orthodox Judaism. Russian Jews, large-scale influx of the United States after the invention can really may remain the Russian Jews too orthodox faith life facilities and places less abnormal, New York Jewish Theological Seminary is few Orthodox Jewish school for missionary of the pulpit. The American Jewish community leaders decided to Orthodox Judaism given sponsorship, but this kind of sponsorship is conditional, that request in orthodox preach in the process not rigidly adhere to the Jewish tradition. Such, between the orthodox and the reformist wrap some concessions, its achievements is the Judaism in the United States and the emergence of another genre, namely Judaism conservative, thus constituting a format of the American Jewish worship today, Orthodox Judaism, reformist and conservative faction. The fourth chapter discuss the Jewish social rights in the United States from the new distribution situation. With the arrival of Russian Jews, Ashkenazi Jews accounted for most of the American Jewish society format is broken. This thought, in the face of the rights in the process of Russian Jews spokesperson Brandeis played a crucial role. Brandeis victory day used Zionist activities and in the meantime the improve humanitarian activities, created the Jews of the eve of the will, and in accordance with the "one person, one vote" democratic principles, the completion of the Russian Jews in American Jewish affairs control. In this department, this paper tries to analysis of Russian Jewish sympathy for the cause of the Zionist activities, and Ashkenazi Jews to non Zionist stance of reason, and on both sides of the debate to carry on the reproduction of historical significance. In the fifth chapter, the examination of the rehabilitation of the Russian Jews and contribution to American society, pointed out that the Russian Jews to complete rehabilitation, cannot only take the initiative to expect American Society for they provide judicial guarantees and rights relief, and also through the process of behavior actively compete for power. The power of the big battle to the reality of American society depends on the contribution of their own number. The Russian Jewish American wage social inventions made a lot of contributions, in trade, literature and art, academic research, social movements and other fields are showing Russian born Jewish social elite. In addition, this chapter also points out that the most important reason for the Russian Jews to victory in the United States that they on the teaching value and life as soon as possible to stop the occupation plan. In conclusion, this paper points out that Russian Jews through the process itself gengxu efforts, comprehensive integration into the modern American economy of the eve of the tide, thellonking a secular trend, positive progress of political interference, out of the road of a peculiar modern, and for the growth of the American economy to make the contribution. Russian Jews in American Society for Jewish victory also has a serious impact on future. They through the process of prehospital lobbying campaign influence national policy of the United States, eventually to the United States later became the Zionist activities in the focus of efforts to support. 目录: |
