| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，俄语专业论文，内容请直接查看目录。） 孟什维克是俄国社会平易近主工党中的一个流派，是俄国反动中的一支主要力气。它在俄国反动史和国际共产主义活动史上都留下了弗成磨灭的印记。马尔托夫是马克思主义在俄国的流传者和理论者之一，是俄国社会平易近主工党机关报《火星报》的重要开办者和编委会中的一员，是俄国反动活动中卓著的实际家和引导人之一。1903年俄国社会平易近主工党第二次代表年夜会上，马尔托夫与列宁的不合惹起了党的决裂，尔后，他们分离成为孟什维克和布尔什维克的重要引导人。马尔托夫的平生与孟什维克活动和俄国反动活动慎密地接洽在一路，并为俄国社会主义事业斗争毕生。历久以来，我们对马尔托夫和孟什维克的名字都比拟熟习，然则对马尔托夫与孟什维克的汗青却知之不多。基于此，本文拟以《马尔托夫与孟什维克》为题，对马尔托夫的小我生平、早年政治运动及其与孟什维克活动停止初步商量。本文的根本不雅点是：马尔托夫在父亲的作用下接触了自在主义思惟和反动运动，特别是赫尔岑的作品和法国年夜反动等事宜使他发生了投身反动的动机。他激烈的反动热忱、广博的常识、卓著的宣扬组织能力、崇高的小我品格和他对马克思主义的果断崇奉，使列宁开端把他视为反动途径上最靠得住的同志。1900年，马尔托夫与列宁、波特列索夫配合开办了《火星报》，尔后，他们为树立同一的俄国社会平易近主工党作了年夜量的预备任务。《火星报》编委会中，6位编纂的不合成了俄国社会平易近主工党决裂的最年夜隐患。1903年，在俄国社会平易近主工党第二次代表年夜会上，马尔托夫与列宁在选举党的中心委员会和《火星报》新编委会中的不合形成了党的终究决裂。1905年反动时，马尔托夫保持无产阶层在资产阶层反动中不该牟取政权，否决列宁的工农人主专政思惟。1905年反动后，他以为可以把杜马酿成完成无产阶层反动目的的机构，主意加入杜马。第一次世界年夜战迸发后，马尔托夫在国外引导着孟什维克国际派，否决帝国主义战斗和列国社会平易近主党内的沙文主义。俄国二月反动迸发时，马尔托夫与列宁都被第一次世界年夜战阻隔在苏黎世。在归国战略上，因为马尔托夫的犹豫不决，使他没能在反动的症结时辰前往俄国，也是以损失了对孟什维克的引导权。这使他在全部1917年反动时代，对反动的成长没有发生太年夜的作用。十月反动后，马尔托夫否决布尔什维克政权。然则他以为布尔什维克的“根”是无产阶层的，可以经由过程施加压力的措施来“改正”它，所以他支撑布尔什维克政权否决国际反反动和帝国主义的武装干预。1920年，经俄共(布)中心委员会同意，马尔托夫移居德国，直到1923年逝世。本文共分五个部门来阐述马尔托夫与孟什维克：第一部门，马尔托夫的晚期运动。阐述了马尔托夫如何走上反动途径和他与列宁早年的亲密关系。第二部门，马尔托夫与孟什维克的构成。经由过程剖析俄国社会平易近主工党第二次代表年夜会之前《火星报》编委会的决裂，代表年夜会下马尔托夫与列宁的政见不合，本文以为孟什维克的构成是马尔托夫与列宁在俄国社会平易近主工党中心委员会和《火星报》新编委会选举上的不合形成的，而不是我们平日所以为的在党员资历上的不合形成的。第三部门，马尔托夫与1905年反动。本节阐述了马尔托夫对1905年反动的熟悉、看待杜马的立场和孟什维克与布尔什维克的完全破裂。第四部门，1917年反动中的马尔托夫与孟什维克。经由过程剖析马尔托夫在1917年反动时代的运动和战略，论述了马尔托夫在此次反动中所饰演的脚色。第五部门，十月反动后的马尔托夫与孟什维克。本节侧重阐述了马尔托夫在十月反动以后，俄语论文范文，对布尔什维克政权的立场及其最初的反动运动。本文的立异的地方在于：在国际初次体系地阐述了马尔托夫与孟什维克活动的关系，侧重剖析了马尔托夫在孟什维克活动史上的位置和感化。 Abstract: Munshi Vic is a school of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, is an important force in the Russian revolution. It is the Russian revolution history and the international communist movement history has left an indelible mark into. Martov is Marxism in Russia's spread and theory of is Russian social plain near the main labour party official newspaper "ISKRA" important open and editorial board member, Russian reactionary activities of outstanding practical and guide one. In 1903, the plain of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party for the second time on behalf of the eve, Martov and Lenin incompatibility caused a rupture in the party. Thereafter, they separated to become an important guide of Menshevik and Bolshevik. Martov's life and rigorous Menshevik and Russian reactionary activities to contact in a road, and the struggle of the cause of socialism in Russia his life in behalf of the. Long-term since, our name of Martov and Menshevik are more familiar with, however the history of Martov and Menshevik is known. Based on this, this article intends to "Martov and Munshi Vic", to Martov's personal life, early political movement and Munshi Vic stop preliminary discuss. The fundamental indecent point is: Martov under the influence of his father, contact the liberalism thought and revolutionary movement, especially Herzen's writings and the French Revolution and other matters that happened to him to join the reactionary motivation. His fierce reactionary warmly, broad knowledge, outstanding promote organizational skills, noble personal character and he of Marxism resolute faith, the Lenin began to regard him as a reactionary approach on the most reliable comrade. In 1900, Martov and Lenin, Potter Borisov opened with "Mars", and made a large amount of their preparations to establish the same Russian Social Democratic Labour party. "Mars" editorial board in 6, edited the synthesis of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party to break the biggest hidden danger. In 1903, in the plain of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party for the second time on behalf of the eve, Martov and Lenin in the elections the party's Central Committee and the new edition of the "Mars" committee differs form the party eventually break. The 1905 Revolution, Martov keep no middle class in the bourgeois revolution should not seek regime, veto Lenin's workers and peasants and the dictatorship of the thought. After the 1905 Revolution, he thought he could get a complete Duma of the proletarian revolution and the purpose of the organization, idea to join the duma. After the first world war burst, Martov abroad guide Menshevik internationalists, rejecting imperialist battle, and the kingdoms, to social plain near the main party of chauvinism. The Russian February revolution broke out, Martov and Lenin were the first World War barrier in Zurich. In returning the strategy, because of Martov's shilly-shally, kept him in the crux of the reactionary hour trip to Russia, but also to the loss of Munshi Vic's leadership. This made him in 1917 all reactionary era of reactionary growth did not have much effect. In October after Martov Bull J Vic rejected the reactionary regime. However he thought of Bolshevik "root" is no middle class, can through the process of applying pressure to "correct" it, so he supported the Bolshevik Regime rejected the international anti reactionary and imperialist armed intervention. In 1920, the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Central Committee agreed, Martov moved to Germany, until his death in 1923. This article is divided into five parts to elaborate: the first part, Martov and Menshevik late Martov athletic. Describes how Martov took reactionary way and he and Lenin early intimate relationships. The second sector, Martov and Munshi Vic. Through the analysis of the process of plain of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party for the second time on behalf of the eve before the Mars newspaper editorial board break, on behalf of the eve of the will under Martov and Lenin's dissident, this paper thought the Menshevik is composed of Martov and Lenin in Russia society plain near the main Labor Party Central Committee and the new edition of the "Mars" committee will vote on the appropriate form of, rather than we normally so as in the Party member qualifications appropriate form of. The third department, Martov and the 1905 revolution. This section describes the Martov familiarity with the revolution of 1905, look at the Duma's position and Menshevik and Bolshevik complete rupture. The fourth sector, Martov and Munshi Vic in the 1917 revolution. Through the analysis of Martov in 1917 revolution movement and strategy, and discusses the Martov in the reactionary played the role. The fifth sector, Martov and Munshi Vic after the October revolution. This section focuses on Martov in the October revolution after the Bull J Vic regime's position and its original reactionary movement. Place of innovation of this paper lies in: in the system for the first time, expounds the relationship between Martov and Menshevik activities and focused on analyzing the Martov in Menshevik activities in the history of the position and role. 目录: |
