| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） “平易近族进程”是前苏联学术界最早运用的一个学术概念。本文以相干的汗青文献为重要材料，普遍接收前苏联、俄罗斯、中亚及我国粹者的研究结果。在此基本上，联合野外考核所取得的第一手材料，运用平易近族进程实际对中亚的古代平易近族进程停止研究，个中重点是对沙皇俄国统治时代，和20世纪20年月中亚停止平易近族划界并成立五个平易近族国度时代的平易近族进程停止综合研究。在用时性的准绳下，经由过程对中亚平易近族构成及演化进程有严重作用的具有转机意义的史事的剖析，论证中亚平易近族构成、成长、变更等的特色，从中摸索归结古代平易近族构成的广泛纪律。经由过程对成绩的研究，俄语论文网站，可以得出以下熟悉中亚的平易近族进程是平易近族分化进程和平易近族结合进程瓜代停止的进程。在古代平易近族进程中，俄国对中亚的吞并，在中亚同一政权切实其实立，停止了中亚合并于俄国前三汗国分立的局势，客不雅上使得中亚经济、文明及政治等方面的成长有了一个新的局势，增进了各平易近族问的接近与聚合。本钱主义关系在中亚工业、农业等范畴的涌现，使中亚各平易近族进入了古代平易近族进程。但沙皇俄国的殖平易近政策又障碍了这一进程的进一步成长。20世纪20一30年月中亚地域停止了史无前例的“平易近族划界”，终究划分出了乌兹别克、土库曼、哈萨克、吉尔吉斯、塔吉克等平易近族，并据此敏捷组建成了5个平易近族加盟共和国，使中亚地域族称凌乱、平易近族栖身区域混淆的状态有所改不雅。这是中亚古代平易近族进程中的一个具有里程碑意义的主要汗青事宜，对中亚的古代平易近族进程发生了严重的作用。它叫醒了平易近族认识，增进了平易近族文明的构成和成长，增进了本地平易近族居平易近构造的无益改良，进步了这些平易近族的位置，知足了他们赓续增加的平易近族自负心，增进了平易近族的中兴，为中亚各平易近族聚分解社会主义平易近族发明了有益的前提，加快了这一地域的平易近族聚合进程。同时，五个平易近族国度的树立阻拦了“泛突厥主义”和“泛伊斯兰主义”思潮在中亚的舒展。中亚平易近族国度的划界及树立使这一地域取得了临时的稳固，但疏散、错杂的平易近族区域没法使平易近族成绩获得公道处理，并成为这一地域各类重要和抵触的策源地，直至昔日。对此事宜有分歧的评价。正面的不雅点以为，平易近族划界及平易近族国度的树立是中亚各平易近族自在志愿的表达和共产党平易近族政策的成功。不和的不雅点以为，平易近族划界及平易近族国度的树立完整不相符中亚本地的汗青传统，不相符中亚的汗青成长纪律。树立新的平易近族国度的详细计划是在塔什干和莫斯科的办公室里机密做出的，是出于政治目标。还有更抽象的表述，称中亚平易近族是“斯年夜林平易近族政策的年夜锤在被扑灭的文明残骸上打造出的新平易近族”。总之，19世纪下半叶中亚合并于俄国拉开了中亚古代平易近族进程的帷幕。沙皇俄国统治时代的中亚平易近族进程是在俄国实施殖平易近政策的前提下停止的。是以，沙皇俄国对中亚各个平易近族的成长发生了深入的作用，使中亚经济、政治、文明等各个方面都留下了深入的俄罗斯陈迹。而20世纪20年月停止的中亚平易近族国度划界及成立平易近族国度是莫斯科以苏维埃情势持续殖平易近的伟大胜利。但它又为这些共和国往后离开苏联，成为主权国度奠基了基本。综而言之，全文试图解释如许一个不雅点以笔者之见，平易近族进程就是平易近族发生、发育、成熟的进程，这个进程可所以一个天然的进程，在必定水平上，俄语论文，也能够因工资的把持而转变其进程和偏向。 Abstract: The "national process" is one of the earliest academic concepts used in the academic circles of the former Soviet Union. Research results of this paper to relevant historical literature is an important material, generally receive former Soviet Union, Russia, Central Asia and the quintessence of Chinese culture who. In essentially, combined with field assessment made the first hand materials, application of ethnic process actual ancient plain in Central Asia nearly family process research, medium focus is on the rule of tsarist Russia times, Central Asia and the 1920s stop plain near family delimitation and the establishment of the five plain near family Kingdom age of the plain near family process stop comprehensive research. In principle, through the Central Asian ethnic composition and evolution process has severely affected with turn of historical analysis, argument central plain near family composition, growth, changes in the characteristics, from groping attributed to the ancient plain near family consisting of broad discipline. Through process of the achievements of the research, we can draw the following familiar with central plain near family process is ethnic differentiation process and plain near family with the process alternately stop process. In the ancient ethnic process, Russia's annexation of Central Asia, in Central Asia with a regime indeed, stop the merger of Central Asia to the situation in the former Russian three khanates discrete, objectively make Central Asia economic, cultural and political aspects of growth with a new situation, enhanced the ethnic asked approach and polymerization. The emergence of capitalist industry, agriculture and other areas in the Central Asian region has made the Central Asian peoples into the process of the ancient people. But the colonial policy of the Russian people in Russia further hindered the further development of the process. The 20 to 30 years of the 20th century, the Central Asia region stopped unprecedented "ethnic boundary", eventually divided Uzbek, Turkmen, Kazak, Kyrgyz, Tajik and other peoples, and accordingly agile group built five plain near family to join the Republic of China, the Central Asia regional family said messy, plain near family living area confused state changed indecent. This is a milestone in the process of the ancient Central Asian people's history, the main historical issues of Central Asia in the process of the ancient people had a serious impact. It wakes up the ethnic understanding, enhance ethnic civilization formation and growth, enhance the local residents within plain near structure useless modified, progress the location of these peoples, satisfied they continuously increase the plain near family self-respect, enhance the resurgence of ethnic, Central Asian ethnic poly decomposition socialist plain near family created beneficial conditions, accelerate the regional ethnic polymerization process. At the same time, the five ethnic country set up stop the ideological trend of "pan Turkism" and "Pan Islamism" in Central Asia stretch. Delimitation of Central Asia ethnic country and set up make this area achieve the temporary stability, but the evacuation, jumbled in ethnic minority areas can't make plain near family achievement get fair treatment, and become the cradle of the region all kinds of important and conflict, until the old. There are differences in the evaluation of this matter. The positive point of view, the demarcation of national boundaries and national building is the Central Asian people's freedom of expression and the success of the Communist Party's national policy. At the point of disagreement, the demarcation of national boundaries and the establishment of national countries do not conform to the historical traditions of Central Asia, does not conform to the history of Central Asia Growth discipline. A detailed plan to establish a new national state is to be made in Tashkent and in the offices of Moscow. It is politically motivated. There are more abstract representations that the central plain near family is "Sinian Nightwood ethnic policies of the eve of the hammer was put out of the wreckage the civilization to create the new plain near family. In short, the second half of the nineteenth Century merger of Central Asia in Russia opened the ancient Central Asia Ethnic Process curtain. The Central Asian people's process in the era of Russian rule was stopped under the premise of the implementation of the colonial policy. So the growth of Central Asia various ethnic of tsarist Russia occurred profound influence to Central Asia's economic, political, cultural and other aspects have left deep traces of Russia. The demarcation of the Central Asian countries and the establishment of the people's Republic of countries in the 20 years of twentieth Century is a great victory for the Soviet regime in Moscow. But it also left the Soviet Union for the Republic, becoming the foundation of a sovereign state. IMIS speaking, this paper attempts to explain such an indecent point to the author's opinion, ethnic process is plain near family, development, mature process, this process can so a natural process, in a certain level, also can because wages control and change its process and bias. 目录: |
