| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 辛亥反动时代蒙古地域出现出纷纷庞杂的局势。本钱主义列强的侵犯和渗入渗出，平易近族抵触、阶层抵触和社会各类抵触的交错和激化，俄语毕业论文，变成蒙古地域的动乱不安。而蒙古“新政”的举动掉当，则加年夜了蒙古下层封建主对清廷的向心力。因为蒙古的地舆地位具有主要的计谋意义，俄国对蒙古地域觊觎已久。雅片战斗后，它最早从南方翻开了中国的年夜门，在蒙古地域牟取了享用钱粮、自在商业等一系列特权。同时为了在政治、经济等方面扩展其权益和作用，赓续拉拢拉拢蒙古王公和僧俗下层。辛亥反动迸发后，沙俄运用中国动乱不安的局面，鼓动蒙古王公喀尔喀四部札萨克和下层活佛喇嘛动员兵变。在沙俄策划和支撑下，1911年12月1日库伦活佛哲布尊丹巴动员政变，宣告离开中国当局而“自力”。俄国为了最年夜限制的知足本身好处，迫使外蒙古签署了《俄蒙协约》、《声明文件》和《中、俄、蒙协约》等合同，将外蒙古限制在“自治”的规模内，从而使其从本质上从中国分别出去，并对该地域实施“俄治”。为了兼并全部蒙古地域，沙俄把侵犯魔爪伸向内蒙古地域。趁外蒙古“自力”之时，向内蒙宣布“劝降文告”，勾搭和拉拢内蒙古部门王公，策划“自力”，遥控兵变。呼伦贝尔“自力”和乌泰兵变，都是沙俄趁中国辛亥反动政局动乱之际，策划内蒙古部门王公决裂中国的产品。本文剖析了辛亥反动时代的蒙古地域危机的缘由，论述了危机的进程，揭穿了沙俄诡计侵犯我国蒙古地域的卑劣行动。辛亥反动时代外蒙古统治者在俄国支撑下，借中心政权更迭之际离开中国“自力”，并得以在中国宗主权下取得“自治”。形成其时蒙古地域政局日趋严格的缘由十 Abstract: In the revolution of 1911, there were numerous and complicated situations in Mongolia area. The invasion and infiltration of the capitalist powers, the national conflict, class conflict and social conflicts and contradictions of the staggered and intensification, into a regional unrest in Mongolia. Mongolia "New Deal" to move out when, and the eve of the lower Mongolia feudal lord of Qing Dynasty's centripetal force. Because of Mongolia's geographical position has important strategic significance in the Mongolia area, Russia has long coveted. After the Opium War, it first from the South opened the door to China, in the Mongolian area to reap Qianliang, free trade and so on a series of privilege to enjoy. At the same time in order to expand its interests and influence in the political and economic aspects, continuously to win over Mongolia and princes and lower. Outbreak of the revolution of 1911, Russia used the unrest situation, encouraging the Khalkha princes four Zhasake and lower living Buddhas and lamas mobilization of mutiny. In tsarist Russia planning and support, 1911 December 1, Coulomb Buddha Jebtsundamba mobilization coup, declared from the Chinese authorities and "self". Russia to the most of the eve of the restricted content itself benefits and compels the Outer Mongolia signed the "Russia Mongolia agreement, the statement" and the China, Russia and Mongolia treaty "contract, the limitations on the Outer Mongolia in the scale of" autonomy ", thus enable the essentially from China were out, and on the regional implementation of the Ezhi. In order to all mergers of Mongolia region, Russia to march to Inner Mongolia regional invasion. While the Outer Mongolia "self", to the Inner Mongolia announced capitulate Proclamation ", seduce and to draw the nobility of the Department of Inner Mongolia, the planning of" self ", the remote mutiny. Hulunbeir "self" and Uthai mutiny, tsarist Russia to take advantage of China's 1911 reactionary political unrest, planning department of Inner Mongolia princes to break away from China products. This paper analyzes the revolution era Mongolian regional crisis causes, discusses the crisis in the process, expose the tricks of the tsarist Russia violated the despicable action of area of our country the Mongolian. In the period of the revolution of 1911, the rulers of Mongolia, supported by Russia, left China "independent" on the occasion of the change of regime, and were able to achieve autonomy under Chinese sovereignty ". Formation of the Mongolia regional political situation is becoming more and more strict reason ten 目录: 中文摘要 3-5 ABSTRACT 5-6 引言 8-10 一、清代蒙古地区概述 10-12 （一） 内外蒙古的地理划分 10-11 （二） 蒙古地区的政治和军事意义 11-12 二、辛亥革命时期蒙古地区危机产生的原因 12-16 （一） 清政府对蒙古地区的统治政策及其后果 12-13 （二） 清政府在蒙古地区的“新政” 13-15 （三） 沙俄对蒙古地区的渗透 15-16 三、辛亥革命时期沙俄对外蒙古地区的侵略和扩张 16-28 （一） 沙俄阴谋策动外蒙古“独立” 16-22 （二） 外蒙古“自治” 22-27 （三） 沙俄控制外蒙古计划的破产 27-28 四、辛亥革命时期沙俄对内蒙古地区的侵略和扩张 28-33 （一） 沙俄煽动呼伦贝尔地区“独立” 28-29 （二） 乌泰叛乱 29-31 （三） 中国政府的对策 31-33 五、中国人民英勇反抗沙俄侵占蒙古地区的斗争 33-40 （一） 祖国各地痛斥沙俄的侵略行为 33-35 （二） 外蒙古地区各族人民英勇抗击沙俄的入侵 35-37 （三） 内蒙古地区广大人民捍卫主权反对民族分裂的斗争 37-40 结束语 40-41 注释 41-44 参考文献 44-45 致 谢 45 |
