Border trade is a special form of economic and commercial movement which is adjacent to the border areas of the state. It is the main component of the national foreign trade and economic cooperation. China has a vast area, there are more than 28000 kilometers of inland boundary line, and 15 countries at the junction, with the development of the border areas of business unique geographical premise. China and Russia (Soviet) countries in the world's largest country, is the largest of each other's neighbors, because of the differences between capital and economic structure, the expansion of border trade has a great potential. But before the transformation of Khan, the two countries' planning economic system, especially the rise and fall of the political relations between the two countries, affecting the growth of the border trade. After entering the 80 years of twentieth Century, with the strained relations between the two countries, the border trade was restored and growth. Especially in the 90 years since, the Sino Russian border agile business growth, range expands ceaselessly, border trade in the bilateral economic and trade movement position becomes more and more important, greatly promote the border area economic and social growth. This paper first analyzes the new China and back up to the end of 80 years, the Sino Soviet border business situation. The Sino Soviet border business growth in the 40 years, with 40 years of relations between the two countries, experienced a dramatic change. 50 years have a 70 years 60, 80 years of economic stagnation, recovery, become the victim of the political struggle of business. An important feature of this period economic and trade relations between the two countries is dominated by national commercial and frontier commercial premises home help position, all 50 to 70 years, in frontier trade highest 1959 accounted for only 3% of the total trade between the two, 80 years of border trade although growth is bigger, but the proportion in the total trade between the two is only 5% - 15% between. Second, commercial premises by mandatory planning to stop, although adequate cast between the authorities of the governance and regulation effect, but this kind of system style complete eliminate the role of market mechanism, the enthusiasm of restraint the two place operators and give birth and frontier commercial premises growth is very slow. The key to 90 years at the beginning of the collapse of the Soviet Union in the future, I in southwest area of China and the Russian Far East, Siberia area frontier commercial growth state analysis and frontier trade on the frontier of regional economic growth to promote the role of the stop the argument. In China in the early 1980s to implement the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, from planning economic system to socialist market economic system transition, and in the early 1990s border region implementation of multi-level, all-round opening to the outside world policy. Russia 90 years early in later, the implementation of the comprehensive public ownership of the means of production to the market economic system transition, attach importance to regional development, give far east, Siberia, border area expansion frontier business preferential policies and more self right, establish cooperative developing zone. Bilateral economic system transition and further expand the opening, the adjacent area frontier commercial potential can be exercised, border trade volume has increased sharply. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in the first year of 1992 Sino Russian border trade completed $24 billion, an increase of 65% over the previous year the Sino Soviet border trade volume, 1993 reached 32 billion dollars, than China and the Soviet Union 40 years border trade sum, accounted for in the past when the total trade between China and Russia: 41%. But from 1993 year beginning to the China International Economic and the compression policy, the commodity sector implementation of the export license management; and Russian upregulation of raw materials and lower commodity prices, limiting such goods barter trade export, and in January 1994 to start implementation in the line of duty an ordinary passport visa rail system. The adjustment of the economic and commercial policies of the two countries has led to a decline of 94, 95 and two years in the border trade between the two countries. The article analyzes the policy after the formation of the border trade decline of other factors, subjective and objective reasons are analyzed: first, the development of the era of open criticism, Chinese and inferior products flows into Russia market formed a despicable effect, make China commodity credit exhausted in the Russian market losses, China Company and foreign personnel in the abstract is to greatly hurt; second, Russia's international economic crisis, reduce inflation is serious, the market situation has improved, the political unrest of the lack of secure policies and regulations; third, the bank settlement mechanism, commercial arbitration mechanism, business methods, credit insurance constraints such as bilateral trade and economic development of the "bottleneck" results for a long time, not to deal with the main reason is the decline in business recovery slow, long-term loss. In 1996, in the future, on both sides of the Russia attaches great importance to the growth of economic and trade relations between the two countries, the two guide people frequent visits, using positive measures aimed at the problem existing in the bilateral economic and trade cooperation, presented to the 2000, bilateral trade volume to $20 billion to forge ahead. China and Russia in twenty-first Century for the establishment of strategic cooperative partnership, for the development of the local border economic and commercial development of the case of double loose. Through the adjustment of the 1996 border commerce began to rise, and the emergence of a continuous increase in the superior situation. Frontier commercial continuous increase in new nation relations basically, application of the southwest region and Far East, Siberia, regional industrial structure and commodity to the structure of the complementarity, take smart border method. As a frontier commercial main pretty region in the Far East and Siberia towel field oh force is very big, by the industry and trade restricting economic and trade growth of a bottle of the "Ba" achievement currency processing, between the two countries on track in remittance business is difficult to have than growth. In this kind of situation, the frontier region 目录: |
