越南北部红河下游地区史前文化探讨Study of prehistoric culture in northern Vietnam area downstream of Honghe 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 越南北部红河下流是西北亚史前考古的重点之一。至今为止，该地域所发明的史前遗址共有13处之多，遗址年月从旧石器时期一向延续至新石器时期，经由过程这些遗址，我们根本可以勾画出该地域史前文明序列的面孔。越南北部史前文明的年夜致成长头绪比拟清楚，各个遗址之间既有继续又有成长。其成长有几个比拟明显的特色：1、石器方面。旧石器时期的山韦(Son Vi)文明，其砾石石器仅在刃部打片，并在两面保存砾石面，在器身的一侧或两侧构成刃部，石器重要为端刃和侧刃砾石石器。中石器时期的战争(Hoa Binh)文明中，扁砾石打制石器和磨刃砾石石器为其重要特点，单面和双面打制石器并存。到了新石器时期，这类打制石器的措施曾经有所转变，在新石器时期晚期的北山(Bac Son)文明中，磨制石器曾经成为该文明的典范器物，至中早期的查卑(Cai Beo)文明、多笔(Da But)文明和保卓(Bau Tro)文明中，磨光石器曾经成为广泛的文明器物涌现，而且发明有石器组合与陶器共出。2、在新石器时期晚期的北山(Bac Son)文明中，陶器为高温粗制的绳纹陶。这类陶器一向延续到中期的多笔(Da But)文明，但此时的多笔(Da But)文明里，灰褐色陶占多数，且陶器多作为炊器，篮纹的粗陶是多笔(Da But)文明的特点之一。至早期的的保卓(Bau Tro)文明，陶器纹饰增多，红衣陶器也有涌现，典范器形为束颈圆腹圜底釜和罐。3、墓葬在越南北部的涌现始于新石器时期晚期的北山(Bac Son)文明中，此时的栖身地即为墓葬地。在新石器时期的多笔(Da But)文明里，发明了屈肢葬和蹲踞葬，此时墓葬中发明有随葬品。到了新时代时期早期的冯原(Phung Nguyen)文明中，个人葬曾经多见。而在早期的保卓(Bau Tro)文明，瓮棺葬曾经开端涌现。4、经济生涯，在中石器时期的战争(Hoa Binh)文明中，年夜多半居平易近重要经由过程渔猎来生计，少有栽培养物、收集果实和根茎。多笔(Da But)文明中的经济生涯措施为陆地经济。而到了新石器早期的冯原(Phung Nguyen)文明居平易近重要从事农业临盆，栽种水稻，沿着越南北部的年夜型河道聚居生涯，衡宇为干栏式修建。早期的保卓(Bau Tro)文明中，越南语毕业论文，多种经济运动的遗址曾经在这一文明遗存中浮现出来，捕猎、收集的经济措施与农业临盆并存，且农业临盆在经济运动中起主导感化。因为地舆地位的关系，越语专业论文，越南北部红河下流与广西的史前文明有诸多类似的地方。经由过程地舆地位、文明聚积、石器、陶器、经济生涯、墓葬等方面停止比较，我们可以总结出几个结论：1、新石器晚期，越南北山(Bac Son)文明能够遭到甑皮岩文明的作用。2、新石器中期，越南多笔(Da But)文明能够对顶蛳山发生过某种水平的作用。3、新石器早期，越南保卓(Bau Tro)文明、冯原(Phung Nguyen)文明和感驮岩遗址之间存在交换，两地的文明在成长上能够出现出一种不相上下的情形。 Abstract: The Red River in northern Vietnam is one of the key sub dirty northwest prehistorical archaeology. Up to now, there are more than 13 prehistoric sites that have been invented in this region, which has been extended from the old stone age to the Neolithic age. In northern Vietnam, the eve of the great cause of the development of prehistoric civilization is relatively clear, both between the various sites continue to grow. Its growth has several obvious features: 1, stone. In the old stone age (Vi Son) civilization, the gravel stone is only on the edge of the blade, and the two sides to preserve the gravel surface, in the body of the side or both sides of the blade, the stone is important for the end edge and the side edge of gravel stone. Mesolithic Period of War (HOA Binh culture, shingle chipped stone tools and grinding edge gravel stone is one of the important characteristics of single-sided and double-sided chipped stone co-exist. To the Neolithic period, the chipped stone tools have changed, in the Neolithic period late in Beishan (BAC son culture, polished stone has become a model of the civilization of the artifacts, early to check British civilization, Cai BeO), multi pen (DA) but civilization and preserving Zhuo (BAU TRO) civilization, polished stone has become a wide range of artifacts civilization emerged, and the invention of stone and pottery were. 2, in the late Neolithic period in Beishan (Bac Son) civilization, for the high temperature crude Jomon pottery pottery. This kind of pottery has been extended to the middle of the pen (DA) but civilization, but this pen (DA) but civilization, gray brown ceramic accounted for the majority of, and pottery as cooking utensils, basket veins of coarse pottery is multi pen (one of the characteristics of Da but) civilization. To early Baozhuo (BAU TRO) civilization, pottery decoration increased, red pottery also have emerged, the canonical form for beam neck round belly bottom kettle and pot. 3, the tomb in the emergence of North Vietnam began in the Beishan of the Neolithic period (BAC son culture, at this time of the shelter is tombs. In the Neolithic period (Da But) multi pen culture, invented the flexed burial and crouched burial, burial in the invention of funerary objects. In the early period of the new era of Feng Yuan (Nguyen Phung) civilization, personal burial has seen more. In the early days of the Baozhuo (Bau Tro) has begun the emergence of civilization, urn burial. 4, economic life, the war in the Mesolithic Period (HOA Binh culture, most of the eve of the home residents important through fishing and hunting life meter, few cultivation raising, collect the fruit and roots. Multi Da (But) civilization in the economic life of the method for the land economy. And to the early Neolithic Feng Yuan (Phung Nguyen civilization residents near important in agriculture, planting rice, along the big river in northern Vietnam inhabited career, Yu Heng dry column built. Early Baozhuo Bau TRO) civilization, site of a variety of economic movement once in the relics of civilization emerged, hunting, collection method is economical and agricultural production coexist and agriculture in the economic movement play leading role. Because of geographical position, there are many similar places in northern Vietnam and Guangxi Honghe dirty prehistoric civilization. Through the process of geographical position, accumulation of civilization, stone, pottery, economic life, tombs and other stop, we can summarize several conclusions: 1, the late Neolithic, Vietnam Beishan (BAC son culture to affected by Zengpiyan civilization. 2, the mid Neolithic, Vietnam (Da But) multi pen civilization can affect the top Si had a certain level of. 3, an early Neolithic, Vietnam Baozhuo (BAU TRO) civilization, Feng Yuan (Phung Nguyen civilization and sense of loaded rock sites between exchange, two civilization in growth to a comparable situation. 目录: |
