摘 要: 本文阐述了文化、语言、翻译三者之间的联系,英语毕业论文,论证了文化翻译的理论基础。本文认为:文化翻译是在文化探讨的大语境下来考察翻译,即对文化以及语言的“表层”与“深层”结构进行探讨,探究文化与翻译的内在关系和客观规律;文化“传真”意指文化翻译的基本原则,即要求译语从文化义的角度准确地再现原语文化所要传达的意义、形式及风格。翻译中“文化传真”度的把握也是本文研讨的重点。 关键词: 文化翻译;文化“传真”;文化“传真”的度 Abstract: The paper studies the theoretical basis of the translation of culture by exploring the relation between culture, language and translation. The translation of culture is discussed in the broad context of research on culture. This includes an analysis of the surface and deep structures of culture and language, and the examination of the internal contact between culture and translation as well as the objective laws pertaining to their interaction. Facsimile of culture refers to the basic criterion of translation, one which requires that the meaning, form and style of the source language be precisely expressed in the translation from the angle of culture. In addition, the paper explores the extent to which a facsimile of culture could be achieved in translation. Key words: Translation of culture; facsimile of culture 文化翻译是指在文化探讨的大语境下来考察翻译,即对各民族间的文化以及语言的“表层”与“深层”结构的共性和个性进行探讨,研讨文化与翻译的内在关系和客观规律。 1.文化翻译与文化“传真” 文化“传真”在此意指文化翻译的基本准则。它要求译语要从文化义的角度准确地再现原语所要传达的意义、方式及风格。换言之,就是把原语的“形”、“神”在译语中原计原味地体现出来。由此可见文化“传真”的探讨是翻译中的关键部分。翻译之所以不那么容易,乃是因为语言反映文化,承载着丰厚的文化内涵,并受文化的制约。一旦语言进入交际,便存在对文化内涵的理解和表达问题。这就要求译者不但要有双语能力,而且还有双文化乃至多文化的知识,特别是要对两种语言的民族心理意识、文化形成过程、历史习俗传统、宗教文化以及地域风貌特性等一系列互变因素均有一定的了解。正是以上这些互变因素,英语论文题目,英汉民族的语言文化体现出各自特有的民族色彩。比如《红楼梦》中有这么一句话“……竟不像老祖宗的外孙女儿,竟是嫡亲的孙女似的。”一般认为,嫡亲的孙儿、孙女的血缘上要亲过外孙、外孙女。王熙凤这句话无疑是指林黛玉气质不凡,就像贾母的孙女一样,借此来讨得贾母的欢心。如果将这句话译成“She doesn’t take after your side of the family, Grannie. She’s more like a Jia.”这样便有贬损贾母娘家之嫌。谙熟中国传统的杨戴伉俪将这句话译为“She doesn’t take after her father, son-in-law of our old Ancestress, but looks more like a Jia.”该译文使凤姐的言外之意表达得贴切到位,把中国这种封建家庭的传统意识忠实地传达给了读者。 有时即便对某成语典故的文化含义有所了解,但在翻译中不能根据语境灵活处理,也有可能达不到“传真”的效果。比如“a dog in the manger”常被直译为“狗占马槽”,但用在下面的两例中似乎就不合适了。 例一:Let me have the skates. You don’t know how to skate. Don’t be a dog in the manger. 译文:把冰鞋给我,你不会滑冰,不要狗占马槽。(此句中划线部分应该译成“不要占着茅坑不拉屎”为妥。) 例二:There you are the dog in the manger! You won’t let him discuss you affairs, and you are annoyed when he talks about his own. 1 |