摘要
幽默是使人发笑的一种方式，它不仅可以吸引人们的注意力，更可以缓解人们的心里压力。格莱斯的合作准则和里奇的礼貌准则是语用学中重要的理论，英语论文范文，其中合作准则包括质量准则、数量准则、关联准则和方式准则；礼貌准则包括得体原则、宽容原则、表扬原则、谦逊原则、同意原则和同情原则。本文以情景喜剧《家有儿女》为探讨对象，选取其中具有代表性的幽默会话，应用合作准则和礼貌准则对其进行略论。探讨发现在日常生活中，英语论文题目，人们会不经意或刻意地违反合作准则或礼貌准则而产生一种或多种会话含义，最终达到一种幽默效果。对幽默言语的语用学探讨不仅可以使人们更好地理解情景喜剧中不同角色的性格特点，更可以提高人们对日常会话中幽默的欣赏能力。
关键词: 幽默；合作准则；礼貌准则；情景喜剧；会话含义
Abstract
Humor is a way of speaking which can make people laugh. It can not only attract one’s attention, but also reduce one’s psychological pressure. Grice’s Cooperative Principle and Leech’s Politeness Principle are the important theories of pragmatics. The Cooperative Principle includes the maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner, while the Politeness Principle includes the tact and generosity maxims, approbation and modesty maxims, agreement maxim and sympathy maxim. This paper analyzes some representative conversations in Home with Kids on the basis of the Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle. The study shows that people often flout these two principles inadvertently or deliberately in their daily lives to produce one or more conversation implicatures to achieve a humorous effect. This research can not only help people better understand the "characters” in sitcoms, but it can also improve people’s appreciation of humor in daily conversations.
Key words: humor; Cooperative Principle; Politeness Principle; sitcom; conversation implicature
1. An Overview of Humor
1.1 Definition of Humor
In recent years, more and more researchers show their interests in humor studies. However, it is hard to set an accurate definition of humor. In other words, the definition of humor has a lot of disputes from the past to present. “Humor” derived from the Latin word “humorr”, which means “liquid” or “fluid”. According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, humor means the quality in something that makes it funny or amusing. Lin Yutang (2017) points out that humor is a way of exposing the mistakes of life through innuendo, allegory, puns and other rhetorical devices. The research about humor was first advanced by Freud, who defined the “essence of humor” as a process by which “one spares oneself the affects to which the situation would naturally give rise and overrides with a jest the possibility of such an emotional display” (qtd. in Lefcourt, 2017: 60). Attardo(1994) considers that humor contains all funny, amusing or the things that make you laugh. Humor is a special form of comedy, as well as a unique linguistic phenomenon which plays an important role in the language of culture and people’s communication.
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