The measuring methods also depend on how to interpret marketization and, in the final analysis, on the practice of reform and the progress of marketization. A comparison of various methods measuring the process of marketization reveals that the design of indicators has become more and more detailed and the scope they cover has become increasingly extensive. This phenomenon is in itself a reflection of the constant deepening of China''s economic restructuring and the continuous advance of its marketization process. II. General Judgment First, with the deepening of reform, China has been advancing in the direction of marketization and the degree of marketization has become increasingly higher. This is a common conclusion even though there are different methods of measurement (see table 1). Therefore, marketization has been the direction of the economic reform over the past two decades. Table 1 Measuring Indexes of China''s Marketization Process Researcher 1980 1990 1992 1994 1995 1996 1997 1999 Lu Zhongyuan & Hu Anganga 62.2% Jiang Xiaowei & Song Hongxua 37.6% Research group of State Developmem Planning Commissiona 65% World Bankb 5.3 Gu Haibinga 5% 35% 40% 50% Chen Zongsheng et al.a 60% Economic Liberalization 3.60 3.60 3.50 3.50 3.55 Economic Liberalization Report of the World 3.2 3.7 5.1 5.3 Data source: See bibliography. Note: a. The index range is 0-100%. The larger the index value is, the higher the degree of marketization becomes, b. The index range is 0-10. The larger the index value is, the higher the degree of marketization becomes, c. The index range is 1-5. The larger the index value is, the lower the degree of marketization becomes. The original index values were generally two years different from the time when reports were made. So the years should be adjusted by two years accordingly. Second, a general consensus is that the degree of China''s marketization now is more than 50 percent (see table 1). This is an indication that the market mechanism has been playing a leading role in the country''s ecoriomic life and the country has become a market economy from a planned economy. Third, the process of China''s marketization is uneven. The degree of marketization differs in different sectors and different regions. Specially, the degree of marketization in the exchange of general commodities is relatively high, and that in the exchange of production factors is relatively low. The degree of marketization in the financial sector is the lowest. The process of marketization in the eastern region is faster, while that in the west region is slower. Fourth, in international comparison, the degree of China''s marketization is considerably lower than that in the developed countries and regions, at the middle level among the countries in the process of reform and economic transition, and higher than that in some major developing countries. China''s ranking has been ，英语论文题目，英语论文范文 |
