| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 从1848年马克思、恩格斯揭橥《共产党宣言》时起，“西方”就被归入到世界共产主义活动的整体计谋，到二十世纪初的社会主义反动“东移”，再到“中国形式”的巨大发明，俄国、中国等经济文明落伍的西方国度，在马克思主义认识形状的指引下，停止了分歧于东方本钱主义途径的新扶植摸索，他们对落伍文明的改革与扶植成为西方途径成长胜利与否的主要身分。本文“由点及面”，在国际共产主义活动的配景下，以马克思、恩格斯对于西方社会的途径成长的存眷为线索，周全提醒了马克思、恩格斯晚期和暮年对西方文明研究视角改变的演进进程，深入论述了马克思、恩格斯辩证同一的西方文明思惟。在“使西方附属于东方”视阈下，晚期马克思、恩格斯对俄国、中国、印度等西方国度的文明落伍性停止了深入地批评；而在《本钱论》提醒了本钱主义文明抵触与资产阶层文明的腐败性和衰败后，暮年马克思转入人类学的研究，提出辨证剖析东方殖平易近主义对西方社会文明作用，落伍国度存在完成文明逾越式成长的能够性，将来社会文明旨趣“将是现代氏族的自在、对等和泛爱的更高等的回生”。而这个进程也推进了汗青唯心主义的完美。列宁俄国无产阶层反动的文明扶植完成了马克思主义西方文明思惟由实际到理论的奔腾与艰苦。不管是西方反动（包含资产阶层平易近主主义反动和社会主义反动），照样西方社会扶植（无产阶层专政下的经济扶植和政治改造）都遭受到西方独有的、庞杂的、落伍的文明窘境。西方文明的“从属性”，决议了无产阶层反动的文明扶植的庞杂性，俄语论文，是以其文明扶植是多维度的、体系工程，但它们之间的位置倒是不屈等的：政治反动成为西方无产阶层文明反动的先导，以反动认识的造就为重要义务，以本钱主义经济认识为根本手腕，以社会主义吸引迷信来遣散宗教的迷雾为年夜众化对象。俄共（布）在朝后，沙俄旧的“权要或农奴制等等”的政治文明传统极年夜地障碍着苏维埃的政治和经济的成长，俄国社会各群体阶级都与俄共（布）文明的古代化严重“脱节”。是以“文明反动”成为列宁暮年在朝的重要义务。苏维埃俄国展开汗青上第一次属于休息国民的文明扶植活动，并为西方落伍国度供给了范式，俄语毕业论文，而西方国度特别要看重政治文明的扶植。中国共产党继续并成长了经典作家的西方文明扶植思惟。从毛泽东新平易近主主义文明实际的提出到中国特点社会主义文明扶植实际的新成长，马克思主义西方文明扶植实际获得了很年夜的成长。“中国梦”迷信地答复了新时代我们应当“建立甚么样的幻想，如何完成幻想”、“建立甚么样的目的，如何完成目的”的时期成绩。它凸显了马克思主义文明束缚的“人的自在”束缚的价值特点，深深表现了明天中国人的幻想。然则“中国梦”的完成其实不是乌托邦的幻梦，而是马克思主义理论实质的基本论文明价值诉求。而“中国梦”的完成急切须要马克思主义“文明束缚”的价值冲破。推动中国特点社会主义文明强国扶植，须要从思惟熟悉、轨制扶植、经济文明、政治文明和社会文明五个方面来完成冲破。 Abstract: From 1848, Marx Engels published the "Communist Manifesto" from "the west" was incorporated into the overall strategic world communist activities, at the beginning of the twentieth Century socialist revolution, the "eastward" to "great invention China form", Russia, etc. China economic civilization behind the western countries, understanding the shape of the guidelines in the Marx doctrine, the new construction stopped the differences in Eastern capitalist way of exploration, they become the Western way of growth of the success of the main identity on the reform and construction of civilization behind. This paper from the point and face, with king in the international communist activities, with Marx, Engels on the growth path of Western society's concern for clues, remind Marx, the late Engels comprehensive and old to change the point of view of Western civilization evolution process of the study, Marx and Engels discussed the dialectical unity of the west civilization thought. In "the west is attached to the East" from the perspective of late Marx, Engels of Russia, India, Chinese civilization behind other western countries stop in-depth criticism; and in "capital theory" to remind the capitalist civilization conflict and bourgeois civilization of corruption and decline after years of Marx into anthropology research. Put forward the dialectical analysis of Oriental colonial influence on Western civilization in Marxism, behind the country has completed leapfrog growth to civilization, social civilization and future purport "will be free, equal and modern clan love higher retrogradation". This process is also to promote the perfect historical idealism. Lenin's Russia has not had the revolution of the stratum of the proletariat, and the civilization of the revolution of the proletariat has been completed. Marx's theory of the Western civilization thought from the reality to the theory. Western society (including the bourgeois democratic and socialist revolution), so the western social construction (NO production under the dictatorship of the economic construction and political transformation) are subjected to the Western unique, complex, outdated civilization dilemma. Western civilization "from the property", the resolution of the non production of social civilization and the construction of the complex, is the construction of its civilization is multi-dimensional, system engineering, but their position is unyielding and so on: the political revolution has become the leader of the Western civilization of social revolution, creating an important obligation to understand the cost of socialism as a result of the mass appeal of religion. The Russian Communist Party (Brazzaville) in Russia, the old "or the right to serfdom." the traditional political civilization greatly hinder the Soviet political and economic growth, the Russian social groups in class and the Russian Communist Party (Brazzaville) of the ancient civilization of the serious disconnection". Is the "civilization reactionary" has become an important task in the Lenin years. The first time in the history of the Soviet Russia belongs to the civilization construction of the rest of the people, and provides the model for the western backward countries, and the western countries, especially the construction of political civilization. The Communist Party of China continues to grow and develop the western culture of the classical writers. From Mao Zedong's new democratic theory of the actual construction of the socialist civilization to the actual construction of the new growth, Marx's western civilization to build a very big growth. "Chinese dream" is a scientific answer to the new era we should "set up what kind of fantasy, how to complete the fantasy", "what kind of purpose, how to accomplish the purpose" of the period. It highlights the value of the bound of the "human freedom" bound by the Marx "s culture, which is a deep expression of the Chinese people's dream. But "Chinese dream" is actually not a complete utopian dream, but Marx's theory of the essence of the basic value pursuit of civilization. And "Chinese dream" of the completion of the urgent need for the Marx doctrine "civilization bound" the value of breaking. To promote the construction of socialist civilization with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to realize the breakthrough from five aspects, which are the understanding of the thought, the system of the system, the economic civilization, the political civilization and the social civilization. 目录: |
