| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 高尔基是一名享誉世界的俄国作家、剧作家，更是一个巨大的人文主义者。高尔基的人文思惟在俄国文学史上具有主要意义。名剧《底层》是高尔基最优良、最具代表性的戏剧著作。剧中作家描绘了一群受生涯所迫，沉溺堕落到“底层”的流落者，他们一无一切，借居在一个昏暗、邋遢的夜店里，精力和肉体都遭到严重摧残。但是，俄语论文范文，主人公们其实不情愿屈服于现状，他们心坎深处无时不在盼望过一个正常人的生涯。然则，在残暴的社会实际眼前，他们的虚幻、迷茫的欲望一个个地幻灭了。脚本经由过程这群沉溺堕落者对真谛、崇奉和将来前途等富有哲理的成绩的评论辩论，表现出作家对生涯在社会底层的俄罗斯国民的同情和对实际处境的消极，但同时也表达出他对将来社会幻想的向往和对年夜写的人的寻求。话剧《底层》思惟内容庞杂、深入，艺术上富于立异，不只在高尔基戏剧创作中占领主要位置，并且对俄国甚至世界戏剧艺术都发生了深入的作用。俄国粹者对该剧揭橥过很多文学评论，而国际这方面的研究却不是许多。为此，笔者在这方面做一测验考试性摸索和研究。本文重点阐述这部剧中高尔基的人文思惟。全文分为四年夜部门第一部门高尔基及其创作简述。扼要引见这位出生底层、自学成材的巨大作家艰苦的生长过程，他的文学创作和社会运动情形，为解读这部剧作奠基基本。第二部门《底层》的创作配景与创作思惟。论述著作出生的社会配景、作家的际遇，和最后构想等，旨在从著作动手，深刻剖析作家的人文不雅点。第三部门《底层》中的人文思惟这部门从人物群像、鲁卡的哲学、萨金的独白和伶人之逝世四个角度动手，俄语论文，略论作家的人文思惟，提醒它的庞杂性和积极意义。(一)人物群像一群已经的人以浩瀚沉溺堕落者的悲凉命运来提醒沙俄社会底层的阴郁实际，对沙皇时代罪行的社会本源停止激烈而恼怒的控告。(二)鲁卡一同情的代表者作者借助这小我物表达出本身对底层人群的同情，叫醒他们埋藏在心底的对将来的向往和愿望，同时对其所宣传的抚慰哲学提出质疑。(三)萨金一人是巨大的经由过程一个觉悟的被侮辱者收回的豪情独白，表达出作者对人的庄严、真谛及美妙将来的信念。(四)伶人之逝世一一个沉溺堕落者最初的庄严患酒精中毒症的舞台艺人在理想幻灭以后蓦地觉悟，选择了自我扑灭，完成了本身作为“人”对阴郁实际的最初抗争。第四部门《底层》的意义和作用扼要阐述脚本在俄国甚至世界文学、戏剧界的伟大作用，从而解释研究该剧对于商量高尔基胸无点墨的人文思惟的严重意义。 Abstract: Golgi is a famous Russian writer and playwright, but also a great humanist. Golgi's humanistic thought is of great significance in the history of Russian literature. William Golgi is the most excellent "bottom", the most representative works of drama. Play writer depicts a career forced, indulge degenerated to the "bottom" of the stranded people. They all, by living in a dim, seedy nightclub, energy and body have been seriously damaged. But, the protagonist actually reluctant yield at the current situation, their heart is in look forward to a normal life. However, in the cruel social reality fantasy, lost their sight, desire a disillusioned. The script through the indulge degenerated person essence, beliefs, and future prospects of rich philosophical achievements comment debate, the writer of career at the bottom of the society of the Russian national sympathy and the actual situation of the negative, but at the same time also expressed his future fantasy society yearning and write on the eve of the people seeking. Drama "the lower class" of the ideological content is numerous and jumbled, in-depth, art innovative, not only in Gorky's drama creation occupied main position and to Russia even drama art in the world have undergone profound influence. Russian scholar of the play reveals a lot of literary criticism, and international studies in this respect are not many. To this end, the author in this area to do a test to explore and research. This paper focuses on Golgi's humanistic thoughts. The full text is divided into four major departments of the first division of the Golgi and its creation. Briefly introduce the birth at the bottom, self-taught great writer hard growth process, his literature creation and social movement situation, for the interpretation of this drama foundation. The second sector "the bottom" of the creation of the background and creative thinking. The fate of the birth of this work to the social background, the writer, and finally the idea to work from the start, a profound analysis of the writers of the humanities and indecent point. "The third sector" at the bottom of human thinking in this department from four angles of the philosophy of the characters, Lucas and Sargent monologue and the actor died hands-on, analysis writers of humanistic ideas, to remind its complexities and positive significance. (have a) images of a group of people with vast addicted to pervert the melancholy fate to remind gloom at the bottom of the Russian social reality, social origin of the Tsarist era crimes to stop the accusations of the fierce and angry. (II) Lucas a sympathy on behalf of the author with the small things expressed their sympathy for the underlying population, wake them up buried in the heart of future yearning and desire, and to publicize the consolation of philosophy questioned. (3) Sargent is huge by a consciousness recovered by the insult sentiments monologue, express author of solemn, essence and wonderful future beliefs. (4) actor died one indulges degenerates the first solemn suffering from alcohol poisoning disease stage artist in disillusionment after suddenly consciousness, select the self extinguished, completed itself as a "person" the gloomy reality initial resistance. Significance and impact of the four sectors of the "bottom" briefly explains the script in the great influence of Russia and even in the world of literature, theater, thus explaining the importance of research the drama about discuss Gorky unlearned human thinking. 目录: |
