【摘要】:
翻译是使用不同语言的人们互相沟通的纽带和桥梁,是把一种语言(可以称之为“原语”)所表达的信息用另一种语言(可以称之为“译语”)传达出来的过程。但是,当中国学生在对两种语言进行翻译时,有时会引起误解甚至不理解。这是因为翻译的过程,不仅是两种语言形式的转换,还涉及到两种文化的沟通。语言文化异同所导致的表达法和习惯用法的异同,可以追溯到更深层次的思维方面的异同。本文试图从中西方思维方式及其表现形式--语言的异同入手,窥探中西心智深层结构的不同,讨论了语言生成和发展的深层机制--思维方式的异同对翻译的作用,并提出在翻译过程中,需要通过思维方式的转换,使译文地道、自然,符合目的语的表达习惯。论文的第一章主要介绍了人们关于中西思维方式所作的探讨。其中,主要是中国学者的探讨成果。关于中西思维方式所作的比较探讨起源比较早。早期和近代学者对此探讨都作出了贡献,如严复、林语堂等。
论文的第二章关于中西思维方式各自的特点作出了一个概括性的总结。认为中国思维方式属于整体性、具象型、圆形思维,而西方思维方式属于略论性、抽象型、线形思维。
论文的第三章就中西语言之中表现出来的中西思维方式的异同展开讨论。中国的整体式思维形成了中文重意合的语法特点、由整体到局部的叙事顺序以及主客体融合模式,西方的略论式思维形成了重形合的语法特点、由局部到整体的叙事顺序以及主客体分离模式。语言的具体性和抽象性分别与中国的具象思维和西方的抽象思维相对应。中国的圆形思维和西方的线性思维分别产生了中国的圆形语言结构和西方的线型结构。
论文的第四章指出中西思维方式和语言略论结果在中西语言翻译上的启示,其实是略论结果英汉翻译上的运用。指出在翻译过程中思维方式转换的重要性,并提出了一些译法。
最后,论文的结论部分指出:文章中总结出的中西思维方式和语言的特点,也只是双方在各自思维方式和语言方面的侧重点。随着中西文化交流的日趋频繁,中西思维方式互相融汇。
【关键词】:
Acknowledgement4-5 Abstract5-7 中文摘要7-10 Introduction10-12 Chapter 1 Research on Patterns of Thought12-19 1.1 Definition of Patterns of Thought12 1.2 The Research on Chinese and Western Patterns of Thought12-15 1.2.1 Early Researches on Chinese and Western Patterns of Thought13 1.2.2 Further Researches on Chinese and Western Patterns of Thought13-15 1.3 Reasons for Different Thought Patterns Formation15-19 1.3.1 Modes of Production15 1.3.2 Historical Tradition15-16 1.3.3 Geographic Conditions16-17 1.3.4 Philosophy17-19 Chapter 2 Major Features of Chinese and Western Patterns of Thought19-26 2.1 The Integral Pattern of Thought and the Analytical Pattern of Thought19-22 2.2 The Concrete Pattern of Thought and the Abstract Pattern of Thought22-23 2.2.1 “Intuition”vs. “Logic”22-23 2.2.2 “Ambiguity”vs. “Clarity”23 2.3 The Circular Pattern of Thought and the Linear Pattern of Thought23-24 2.4 Some Supplementary Remarks on Chinese and Western Patterns of Thought24-26 Chapter 3 The Linguistic Expressions on the Differences of Chinese and Western Patterns of Thought26-43 3.1 The Relation between Language and Thought26-27 3.2 Differences between Chinese and English Languages27-43 3.2.1 “Parataxis”vs. “Hypotaxis”27-31 3.2.2 “The General-particular Order”vs. “the Particular-general Order”31-35 3.2.3 “The Correlative Mode”vs. “the Detached Mode”35-37 3.2.4 “Concreteness”vs. “Abstractness”37-38 3.2.5 “The Cyclical Structure”vs. “the Linear Structure”38-40 3.2.6 Some Supplementary Remarks on Chinese and Western Languages40-43 Chapter 4 The Transfer of Thought Patterns in the Course of Translation43-54 4.1 Transfer between Concreteness and Abstractness43-46 4.1.1 Use of Category Words43-44 4.1.2 Conversion of Parts of Speech44-45 4.1.3 Use of Figurative Words45 4.1.4 Proper Addition of Supplementary Words45-46 4.2 Rearrangement of Word Order46-47 4.3 Transfer between Covert Coherence and Overt Cohesion47-50 4.4 Rearrangement of Sentence Stress50-51 4.5 Transfer between the Subjective and the Objective51-54 ,西语论文,西语论文 |