Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.1.1 Theoretical Basis of Autonomous Learning
自1950年以来，自主学习的许多理论已应运而生。从20世纪60年代，西方的教育工作者开始倡导自主学习，并把它作为教育改革的主要目标之一。在70年代，自主学习已经得到到语言学习领域。自1971年以来，自主学习中心已经建立。后Henri霍勒克的在1981年出版的“自主性与外语学习”，英语毕业论文，自主学习的概念已经成为语言教学领域的一个热门话题。他定义“的能力，当作自己的著作学习，负责的自主权。1995年，迪金森解释学习态度和自主学习能力的自主权越来越大的兴趣，自主学习的概念，在过去的二十年中，可以明显看出（例如霍勒克1981,1985;1988绑定;迪金森1988,1993，1995年小1996年木森1997年沃勒尔，文登市1998年，2017年加德纳和米勒，对冲和2017年类似）。中国自主学习的探讨在国外自主学习与探讨，后来在年底20世纪70年代，11自主学习实验已提出，这些实验包括QM雪花的“尝试教学”在常州市，江苏省，魏蒋树声的“六步教学”在盘锦市第二中学，鲁中恒的“自学时尚与教师的指导意见“，等一些探讨者自主学习的著作开始，到1987年左右出版。20世纪90年代以后，越来越多的探讨人员和教育工作者更加重视自主学习他们的探讨，他们中的一些开始进行调查心理学的观点，从上述发展自主学习，英语论文题目，我们可以看到，近年来语言学习的背景下自主学习一直是“时髦的词。Since 1950s, many theories on autonomous learning have been coming into being.From 1960s, western educators began to advocate autonomous learning and took it asone of the main goals of Education reform. In 70s, autonomous learning has gotten intothe field of language learning. Since 1971，the autonomous learning center has beenestablished. After Henri Holec's publication of “Autonomy and Foreign LanguageLearning" in 1981, the concept of autonomous learning has become a hot topic in thefield of language teaching. He defined autonomy as “the ability to take charge of one'sown learning，，. In 1995, Dickinson explained autonomy as both an attitude towardslearning and a capacity for independent learning. Growing interest in the notion ofautonomous learning in last twenty years can be seen obviously (e.g. Holec 1981,1985;Bound 1988; Dickinson 1988,1993,1995; Littlewood 1996 Benson & Voller 1997;Wenden 1998; Gardner & Miller 2017; Hedge 2017 and the like).Comparing with the study on autonomous learning in the foreign countries, thestudy of autonomous learning in China came later. At the end of 1970s, 11 experimentson autonomous learning have been made. Those experiments includes Qm Xuehua's"Attempt Teaching" in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province，Wei Shusheng's “Six StepsTeaching ” in Panjing No.2 Middle school，Lu Zhongheng's "Self-taught fashion withteachers' guidance", etc. Works about autonomous learning from some researchersbegan to be published around 1987. 1990s later, more and more researchers andeducators paid much more attention to their study on autonomous learning, and some ofthem began to make investigation from the view of psychology. From the abovedevelopment of autonomous learning，we can see that autonomous learning has been a“buzz-word，，within the context of language learning in recent years.
1.1.2 Autonomous Learning in Reading
阅读，这是理解和吸收语言信息的最重要途径之一，在英语学习中已经采取了非常重要的影响。良好的阅读有助于巩固和扩大词汇量，为学生开阔眼界，促进他们的语言应用能力，提供更多的教育材料。阅读是一个基本功能，在今天的社会，可以培养人的创造性能力。但是，仍然存在着一些问题，无论在教学和学习英语阅读，如狭窄的教学目标，阅读内容单一，机械的阅读策略和阅读数量少得多。传统的教学模式侧重于教师为中心的课堂，忽视学生的重要影响。教师为中心的课堂不能满足未来社会的需求了，并大力提倡学生为中心的课堂。Reading, which is one of the most important ways to understand and absorblanguage information, has taken a very important role in English learning. Good readinghelps to consolidate and expand vocabulary, supplies more educational materials forstudents to broaden their horizons and promote their ability to use language. Reading isa fundamental function in today's society and can develop people's creative abilities.However, there still are some problems both on teaching and learning in Englishreading，such as narrow teaching aims, single reading content, mechanical readingstrategy and much less reading quantity. T
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