摘要:我们不难发现中学外语教学中存在着这样的现象:初中生,尤其是初一、初二的学生,说英语的积极性普 遍很高,上课踊跃发言,大胆说英语。而到了初三以上,特别是到了高二、高三,说英语的积极性大大下降。 学生中笔头考试能得八、九十分,但口头表达能力极差的大有人在。究其原因有:1.机械的听说读写分割法, 即认为在初级阶段(初一、初二)主要抓听、说,中级阶段从听、说过渡到读、写,而高级阶段(高二、高三 )抓读和写,片面地把听说读写分割开来;2.应试教育带来的后果,只重分数,忽视能力的培养;3.教师的教 学脱离学生心理发展的特点等等原因。所以英语教学到了高中阶段就忽视兴趣的激励和说话能力的培养。
那么,高中阶段如何激发兴趣、培养说的能力呢?
一、根据学生年龄特征,激发兴趣,英语毕业论文,培养说的能力 在初级阶段由于学生年龄小,好学、好问、好奇、好模仿,思维形式处于从形象思维为主向主要以抽象思 维为主转化的阶段,直观、重复、模仿等教学手段有着很重要的地位。到了高中阶段,学生身心发展趋于成熟 ,抽象逻辑思维起主导影响。同时说话时的心理活动也随之变化,对说话的兴趣有所下降,英语论文题目,显得不那么积极主 动了。根据这些特点老师应调整自己的教学措施,重视激励学生说话的兴趣,使之与学生的身心发展相适应。 为此,我们从高一开始着手从教学措施上激励兴趣,调动学生说英语的积极性。 1.改革Daily Talk活动 改变原来的Duty report等比较单调、 机械的措施。每堂课前化三分钟,每次一 位学生上台演讲,谈当天的新闻,讲故事,讲班级中最新发生的事及一切学生感兴趣的事,多传递信息。例如 :足球世界杯赛举行时,学生们,尤其是男生,上台大谈足球:“My favourite football stars”,“The f ootball match betweenBrazil and Argentina”,“Football in China”,“The development of footb all”等等,简直成了足球系列讲座。每年3月5 日到来时,学生就会谈诸如:“How shall we learn from Le i Feng? ”“LeiFeng has come back again.”“Is it necessary to learn fromLei Feng today?” 等等。每当班级中出现问题时学生也会加以评论,谈自己的想法,如:“What shall we do with those who don'tkeep the rules of our school ? ”“Shall we cheat in theexaminations in order to get a good mark?”有时学生们利用2 —3分钟做个游戏,如:Guess the letters of some English words ,Tongue twisters等。学生的兴趣越来越高,积极性也不断高涨。 在此基础上我们要求学生演讲时多与教学 相结合,尽可能多用新学的单词、词组、句型等,并鼓励学生创新。教师注意引导,定期总结,表扬说得好的 学生。渐渐地学生说英语的积极性高涨了起来,大家你追我赶,积极准备。遇有困难,主动与同学商量或请教 老师。久而久之,学生的英语表达日趋准确,内容更加丰富,听的学生更乐意听,使学生听、说的能力同时得 到了训练。 2.创设情景串联对话 以往对话教学多采用让学生听对话录音、重复、背诵、模仿编对话等方式。这种操 练往往脱离真实的情景,忽视了语言内容的真实性,教学形式比较呆板,高中生很容易生厌。针对这种情况, 我们的教学不是停留在这个阶段上,而是进一步创设新的情景,培养学生在新的情景中进行交际性操练,努力 达到创造性地应用所学语言知识进行交际。如我在教对话时让学生了解词语和句型内容后,充分发挥学生的想 象力,让他们关系新旧知识,创设情景进行对话练习,拓宽学生的思路,取得了较好的效果。有些学生可以把 许多情节串联起来,以对话的形式表演出来,内容贴近学生日常生活实际,所学语言知识得到灵活应用。例如 我们在课本第一、二册中学过Asking the Way,Inquiring about Health, Inquiring about Weather, Asking forStreet Direction;第三册中学到Giving Advice about Having MorePhysical Exercise,他们把 内容串起来编成下列对话: S[,1]:(Picking up the phone)Hello, may I speak to LingLing? S[,2]:It's Ling Ling speaking.Is that Zhang Hai? S[,1]:Yes, I'm calling to tell you that our formerclassmate Li Yin is ill in hospita l. S[,2]:I'm sorry to hear that. What's the matter with him? S[,1]:I'm not very clear about that. I'm only told that heis in the No. Six Hospital of Shan ghai. S[,2]: Then we'd better go and sec him in the hospital. S[,1]:That's what I think. He'll be glad to see us. S[,2]:When shall we go? S[,1]:How about this Sunday afternoon? S[,2]:That's a good idea. But by the way, what willthe weather be like that day? S[,1]:I've just listened to the weather forecast. Theweatherman says it will be fine.And it will not be very hot.The high will be 30℃. S[,2]:That's fine.Where shall we meet? S[,1]:Let's meet at the No.224 bus-stop at two. S[,2]:All right.See you then.Bye! (Sunday afternoon) S[,1]:Hi, Ling Ling. How long have you been waiting? S[,2]:I've just arrived. Look, the bus is coming. S[,1]:Let's get on the bus. (On the bus) S[,2]:Do you know where we shall get off? S[,1]:I'm afraid I don't. Let's ask the conductor. S[,2]:Excuse me, conductor. We're going to the No. SixHospital. Can you tell us where to get off? S[,3]:Certainly. Get off at the fifth stop. Then,turn backand go straight forward for about two minutes. You'll seethe hospital on your left. S[,1],S[,2]:Get off at the fifth stop. Turn back and gostraight forward for two minutes. The hospita |