Chapter1 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
这是相当长一段时间以来人们一直感兴趣的第二语言习得第二语言习得和进行大量的探讨。在中国，给予更大的重视方面的学习英语，因为英语是第二语言，这是许多教育工作者和探讨人员出国英语变得越来越重要。阅读在英语学习中的诸多方面，从教育工作者和教育探讨人员在国内外认知心理学的出现，在西方国家，已引起广泛关注的阅读理论在西方国家有一个快速的发展。许多学者更重视阅读。在20世纪60年代开始的，阅读被赋予了更多的关注。因此，许多阅读模式提出的基础上的阅读理论，如自上而下的模式，自下而上的模型，和互动模式。It is rather a long time since people have been interested in second languageacquisition and lots of studies are conducted on second language acquisition. InChina, more attention is given to the aspects of English learning since English isthe second language, which is the same to many educators and researchers abroadas the English is becoming more and more important. Among the many aspects ofEnglish learning, reading has received much attention from educators andeducational researchers both at home and abroad．With the emergence of cognitive psychology in western countries, thereading theories have a quick development in western countries. Many scholarsgave much more attention to reading. At the beginning of 1960s, reading wasgiven more attention. As a result many reading models are brought forward basedon the reading theory, such as the top-down model, the bottom-up model, and theinteractive model.
互动模型是现代文阅读理论的最新探讨产品之一。它检测到的自底向上的模型和自顶向下的模型的缺点。更重要的是，它采用了自己的优势，并吸收他们。因此，英语论文题目，互动模式是优于自下而上的模型和自上而下的模型。Asfar酒店的互动模式的发展而言，它是鲁梅哈特（1977），想出了新的阅读理论表明，阅读理解是互动的。威多森（1979）讨论了阅读灯，阅读是读者带来了一个文本信息的过程中，结合文本信息。（1983 Carrell和Eisterhold的）审查ESL的阅读条件，同样得出结论，我们的阅读理解是一个互动的过程，也就是说，英语论文题目，阅读被认为是读者和文本之间的相互影响。Interactive model is one of the latest research products of modern readingtheories. It detects the disadvantages of the bottom-up model and the top-downmodel. What’s more, it adopts their advantages and absorbs them. Therefore theinteractive model is better than the bottom-up model and the top-down model. Asfar as the development of the interactive model is concerned, it was Rumelhart(1977) that came up with the new reading theory demonstrating that readingcomprehension is interactive. Widdowson (1979) has discussed reading in thelight that reading is the process of combining textual information with theinformation a reader brings to a text. Carrell and Eisterhold (1983) reviewed thereading condition of ESL, and then similarly concluded that our understanding ofreading is an interactive process, that is to say, reading is considered as theinteraction between the reader and the text. Palincsar and Brown (1984)conducted an experiment and found that the students in the experimental group who were taught with the interactive teaching method gain better achievements inthe test of recalling and original cognition. It is because that the students in theexperimental group are good at the reading strategies, such as predicting, guessing,clarifying, and summarizing. So it is suggested that the interactive model can helplearners to master reading strategies. Then the point is further proved by Palincsarand Brown who put forward that the interactive model can be used to form thelearners’ reading strategies. Devine (1987) perfected the interactive model further,proposing that reading comprehension is the interaction among the author, the textand the reader. First the writer wrote the text according to his writing purpose, hiswriting style, his language proficiency, his cultural knowledge, and so on. Thenthe reader uses his reading strategies, his language capacity, his backgroundknowledge and cognition to interpret and understand the text. If the reader
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