[焦点一] 一般现在时主要由动词原形担当主角,它常用来表示:1. 经常性或习惯性的动作; 2. 现在存在的特征或状态; 3. 普遍真理、客观事实等; 4. 某些表示位移或想法的动词,如come, go, move, leave, start,begin, want等,可用一般现在时表将来。例如:
I go to school on foot.
我步行上学。
There are seven days in a week.
一个星期有七天。
He can swim.
他会游泳。
I leave here at 6:30 tomorrow morning.
我明天早上六点半离开这儿。
注意:不少表经常性的时间状语常来“捧场”,像often, usually, sometimes, every day/week, on Sundays等,聪明的同学解题时往往以此为突破口,轻松答题。
[焦点二] 一般现在时的陈述句形式有五大种:
1. 主语/系动词/表语。例如:
There is a river behind my house.
我家后面有一条河。
2. 主语/不及物动词。例如:
We usually go to bed at 9:30 p.m.
我们常常九点半睡觉。
3. 主语/及物动词/宾语。例如:
She often has porridge for breakfast.
她经常早餐吃稀饭。
4.(1)主语/及物动词/间接宾语(人)/直接宾语(物)。例如:
Miss Hu teaches us Chinese.
胡老师教我们语文。
(2)主语/及物动词/直接宾语(物)/to/for/间接宾语(人)。例如:
My parents give ten yuan to my sister every week.
我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。
5. 主语/及物动词/宾语/宾语补足语。例如:
You must keep the ground clean.
你们必须保持地面整洁。
[焦点三] 一般疑问句的特点有两个:
1. be动词(am/is/are)与情态动词(can, must, could, would等)为了“一般现在时的一般疑问句形式”这个共同的目标,它们直接“抢至”主语前(即跟主语位置对调)。例如:
Danny is a good student.
→ Is Danny a good student?
We can see some pictures on the wall.
→ Can you see any pictures on the wall?
2. 句中没有am,is,are,can,must等系动词或助动词时,变一般疑问句要在其句首加助动词do或does。例如:
We have six classes a day.
→ —Do you have six classes a day?
—Yes, we do. /No, we don’t.
Jack likes Chinese food very much.
→ —Does Jack like Chinese food very much?
—Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.
[焦点四] 变否定句有困难,找am,is,are,can,must,could,would等来帮忙!找到就别客气,直接在其后加not!例如:
The twins can speak Chinese.
→ The twins can’t/cannot speak Chinese.
句中没有系动词或情态动词时则加do/does not构成否定句。例如:
My good friend Jack likes Chinese food.
→ My good friend Jack doesn’t like Chinese food.
注意:“I think...”句型变否定句时要以think为中心。例如:
I don’t think he is right.
口语中,因no相当于not any,所以不少名词前也常用no构成否定,尤其是在there be或 have/has句式中。例如:
I have no time (= not any time) to do the housework.
我没时间干家务活了。
[焦点五] 变特殊疑问句,是在一般疑问句前加相应的特殊疑问词,回答则据实相告。例如:
We often get up at 6:30. (→Do you often get up at 6:30?)
→ When do you often get up? (At 6:30.)
[焦点六] 选择疑问句以特殊疑问句或一般疑问句的相关人物、时间、地点等为基础,在其后以or为纽带连接一个或多个选择项目供候选。回答时不用Yes或No。例如:
We can see a picture on the wall. (a map)
→ What can you see on the wall, a picture or a map? 或Can you see a picture or a map on the wall?
[焦点七]有关一般现在时的常见错误有如下几种:
1. be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中。例如:
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