语言是人类重要的交际工具,词汇又是语言最重要的组成部分,所以学习外语词汇关于学习一门外语来说至关重要。近几年来,我们注意到:随着现代认知科学的发展以及它在语言学中的广泛运用,对外语词的探讨进入了一个全新领地--词的认知,这也为俄语词的探讨开辟了一个新视角。词认知的探讨要植根于众多学科,首先,词属于语言学探讨的范畴,所以需要语言学及其相关学科理论作为基础;其次,认知是心理学术语,词的认知是一个心理过程,所以还要依据心理学的理论;最后,心理语言学融合了语言学和心理学,以探讨言语认知的心理过程为逻辑起点和探讨视角,对词及其认知心理过程进行了深入的探讨。本文依据语言学、心理学和心理语言学理论,以俄语为语言背景,采用对比略论等措施,对词认知的理论基础、心理过程和策略进行略论和研讨。本文共分为四部分来论证:第一部分:绪论。在这部分主要阐述词认知问题探讨的目的和意义、探讨的内容以及探讨的措施。第二部分:俄语词认知的理论基础及词的概念界定。本文依据心理学和语言学理论,从心理学的信息加工理论、心理词汇理论,语言学的语义理论及语言国情学的词汇背景理论出发研讨词认知的理论基础,界定俄语词的概念。第三部分:词认知的心理过程略论。这是本文的主体部分,该部分主要依据信息加工理论。本文认为:首先,俄语词信息在瞬时记忆中被选择注意。接着,在短时记忆中被加工处理。然后,词义在长时记忆中被表征、组织、存储、并不断得到丰富和完善。最后,在交际过程中被快速准确地检索和提取。本文将并分别对这四个过程进行略论。第四部分:词认知的策略。理论关于实践有重要的指导意义,关于语言学问题的探讨最终都要用来指导实践。通过对词认知的略论和研讨,本文在这一部分提出了具体的认知策略,希望对培养和提高学生的词认知能力提供一定借鉴。通过对词认知的心理过程略论,可以得出这样的结论:俄语词的认知就是将词信息进行选择注意,编码、意义表征、存储、检索和提取的多层次、全方位的心理过程,在这个过程中要涉及语法、语义、语用以及学习者本身认知特点等因素,了解这个心理过程对词汇教学和言语交际有很重要意义,因此,在实际俄语学习和应用中,我们应该充分重视词认知心理过程中涉及到的诸因素,把握词认知的心理过程,适当应用相应记忆阶段的策略进行正确认知,从而提高我们的交际能力。同时,在教学过程中,应该重视学生注意力、想象力、概括力等思维能力的培养。
Language is an important tool to communicate with each other for human beings, but vocabulary is also the most important factor in a language, so it is essential to master the vocabulary for a study of foreign language. In recent years, we have found that along with the development and the extensive application of modern cognitive science in the linguistics, we have entered a completely field—the cognition of word for the investigation on vocabulary in a foreign language, which also inaugurates a new visual angle for the research of Russian vocabulary. The investigation on cognition of word is based on many subjects: first, word belongs to the category of linguistic research, so it needs linguistics and the theory of corresponding subjects as a foundation; secondly, cognition is a kind of psychological nomenclature, but the cognition of word is a psychological process, so we ought to depend on the theory of psychology; lastly, the psychological linguistics, which combines linguistics with psychology, carries on an in-depth study for word and the corresponding psychological process of cognition through the investigation of psychological process on linguistic cognition, as a logical starting point and investigative angle of view. The thesis is to analyze and discuss the cognition of word on theoretical foundation, psychological process and strategy, making Russian as the language background and using a series of method such as contrastive analysis, according to the theories of linguistics, psychology and psychological linguistics.The thesis is divided into four parts to be demonstrated:The first part: introduction. In this part, there are the aim, significance, content and method of the research about the cognition of word to be introduced.The second part: the theoretical foundation on Russian vocabulary and the estimation of concept on word. According to the theory of linguistics and psychology, the thesis is to discuss the theoretical foundation of cognition of word and to estimate the concept of Russian vocabulary from the theory of information polishing and psychological vocabulary on psychology, and the theory of semantics on linguistics and vocabulary background on linguistic national conditions.The third part: the analysis on the psychological process of word cognition. This is the main part in the thesis, which depends on the theory of information polishing. The thesis considers that first, the information of Russian vocabulary is remembered selectively in a short time; next, it will be polished in a short memory; and then, the meaning of a word is checked, organized and stored in a long time, improved and perfected continuously; at last, the word is chosen and picked up quickly and exactly during communication. The thesis will carry on analysis for the four steps. ，俄语论文题目，俄语论文网站 |
