语言与文化密切相关,文化因素渗透到语言的各个层面。一个民族的文化包括价值观念、审美标准、宗教信仰、生活习俗等等。这些因素都不同程度地渗透到语言中来。词汇是语言要素中最敏感、最活跃的成分,因此民族文化特点首先会在词汇上显现出来。文中展示了俄汉语词汇的民族文化语义差异,建构了民族文化语义相同的词汇语义场,并对两种语言中词汇的民族文化语义关系进行了分类。以期能够为双语词典的编纂提供材料,为翻译和外语学习提供有益的启示。文中的创新之处在于:第一,采用义素略论的措施和表格的方式探讨俄汉语词汇的民族文化义素,直观清晰地展示民族文化语义的差异。第二,双向对比、两种语言并重,在对比的基础上归纳出同一民族文化语义场词汇。第三,界定了词汇民族文化语义探讨的范围,对民族文化语义关系重新分类。全文共分五部分:第一部分:绪论。这一部分阐释词汇探讨与文化探讨相结合的必要性;界定词汇民族文化语义的概念和词汇民族文化语义对比探讨的范围;指出该探讨的重要性。第二部分:概述俄汉语词汇的民族文化语义对比探讨的相关学科和探讨近况;指出探讨的成果和存在的问题;说明本文的探讨内容和探讨措施。第三部分:对部分名词的民族文化语义分类列举;归纳同一民族文化语义场词汇;指出民族文化同义词的内涵;对俄汉语词汇民族文化语义关系进行分类。第四部分:阐明俄汉语词汇的民族文化语义对比探讨对双语词典编纂、翻译和外语词汇学习的启示。最后在结论中指出:本文更清晰地展示了两种语言词汇民族文化语义的差异。用义素略论的措施和表格的方式对比词汇的民族文化语义能够让读者快速、直观地了解两种语言词汇的民族文化特点。因此我们认为,该项探讨对对比语言学和俄汉语学习具有一定的理论和实践意义。
The dissertation on a theme $apos;$ Contrastive analysis of national-cultural semanticmeanings of Russian and Chinese $apos;$. Language is closely related to culture, cultural elements have embodied into every aspects oflanguage. A nation’s culture consists of value, aesthetic judgment, religions beliefs, customs, etc,which have mixed into language to different extent, Lexicon, as the most sensitive and activeelement of language, firstly represent the national cultural features. This paper shows the semantic similarities and differences between Russian andChinese lexicon, constructs the semantic field of similar national cultural semanticmeanings and makes classification of the national cultural semantic relationship of theRussian and Chinese lexicon ,This paper is hoped to be helpful in offering materials fordictionary compiling and providing enlightenment for Russian translating and learning. Novelties of this paper lie in: first, the national cultural semantic meanings of Russianand Chinese lexicon are analyzed in the way of semantic investigation and tablerepresenting, which clearly and directly display differences and similarities of nationalcultural semantics meanings. Second, both Russian and Chinese are paid great accent andcomparison between these two is sufficient, based on which, lexicon of the same semanticfield are concluded, Thirdly, this paper defines the scope of the national cultural semanticresearch and categories the relationship of national cultural semantics meanings. This dissertation consists of five parts: Part Ι is the introduction, which explains the necessity of the combination of lexiconstudy and culture study, defines the concept of national cultural semantic meaning of wordsand the scope of the contrastive study, meanwhile, points out the significance of theresearch. Part Ⅱ provides the background information about the relative subjects concern thiscontrastive research and nowadays studies; states the outcomes of those studies andproblems unsolved; and explains the content and research method of this paper. Part Ⅲexemplifies some nouns national cultural semantic meanings; works outconnotations of synonyms of different cultures; and classifies relationships of Russian andChinese national cultural semantic meanings . Part Ⅳ precisely tells the usefulness and enlightenment of this contrastive researchfor dictionary compiling and foreign languages translation and learning. The conclusion part summarizes that this research analyzes semantic meanings in acontrastive way towards two directions: Russian and Chinese, it clearly presents the relationship ofthe national cultural semantic meanings of these two languages, which is helpful for translators andforeign languages learners, also convenient for dictionary compilers. Therefore, this dissertationcarries both theoretical and practical value. ，俄语毕业论文，俄语论文题目 |
