“先例现象”的探讨最早起源于“先例文本”的探讨,“先例文本”这一概念是俄罗斯语言学家Ю.Н.Караулов1986年提出来的。之后,В.В.Красных等一些学者就在此基础上,提出了涵义更广泛的术语—先例现象,他们认为,先例文本的存在形式已经不仅仅是语言形式了,应将先例文本概念扩展为先例现象,并将其细分为四类:先例名、先例话语、先例文本和先例情景。先例现象是本民族语言与文化相互凝缩的结果,具有一定的民族性、文化性和社会性,是民族文化的直接反映。笑话是一种经过艺术加工的语言形式,是艺术化的语言。其篇幅短小,故事情节简单而巧妙,但结果往往出人意料,取得笑的艺术效果。笑话大多揭示的是生活中乖谬的现象,具有讽刺性和娱乐性。政治笑话是笑话的一种,主要用于调侃政治时事或公众人物,政治笑话存在于人们的生活中,其中也包括大量的先例现象,反映社会文化现实。先例现象作为一种特殊的文化现象,有着自身特有的语言世界图景,又因其广泛的社会熟知性,赋予政治笑话新奇幽默、引人注意的特点。在政治笑话中对先例现象的诉求并不是为了激活先例现象的本体,而是为了激活其感知常量,并传递与之相关的伴随意义。本文略论的就是俄语政治笑话中先例现象,通过解读先例现象的文化伴随意义,从而更加深入理解俄语政治笑话,欣赏政治笑话所独有的幽默。本论文共分为五部分:第一部分为本论文的绪论部分,主要介绍本论文的探讨背景、探讨近况、探讨意义与主要探讨的问题;第一章主要介绍先例理论的提出与发展,先例现象的分类、通过略论其来源以及先例现象所隐含的感知常量与文化伴随意义阐释其与民族文化的关系;第二章首先介绍的是笑话与政治笑话的内涵以及政治笑话与先例现象的关系,其次讲到的是笑话中广泛存在的先例现象,再次是对俄语政治笑话中先例现象应用特点的略论;第三章主要探讨的俄语政治笑话中借助于先例现象的文化伴随意义与感情评价功能,并通过其所反映的社会现实与民族性格,揭示政治笑话中的先例现象的文化内涵。最后为本论文的结语。
The $apos;$precedent phenomenon$apos;$ research is originated from $apos;$precedent text$apos;$, which was brought out in 1987 by the Russia linguist-U.N.Каlаwоlov. After the birth of precedent text, V.V.Кrasnyh and other scholars put forward the new term- precedent phenomenon on the basis of precedent text theory. They think that precedent text can exist in the form of transcending language form. What’s more, they all agree that precedent text should be extended to precedent phenomenon, which can be subdivided into four classes: precedent name, precedent discourse, precedent text and precedent context. Precedent phenomenon has certain nationality, culture and sociality. And it is the condensed interaction between language and culture, and is the direct reflection of national culture.The joke, which is refined by art, is a kind of artistic language. The text is short and the story is simple and powerful, but it can lead to an unexpected result: obtaining the artistic effect of smile. The most of the jokes reveal the abnormal phenomenon in life. They have the nature of satire and entertaining. The political joke is a kind of joke that mainly satirizes the political events or public figures. The political jokes exist in human life and include a lot of precedent phenomena, reflecting social cultural reality.Precedent phenomenon is a special cultural phenomenon, and it has its own language world views. The political jokes have humorous and notable effects because they are wildly known by the society. The appearance of the precedent phenomenon in the political jokes is not to activate itself, but to activate its perception constants, and to deliver the related significance. This paper is devoted to the analysis of precedent phenomenon in Russian political jokes. We can study Russian political jokes further and appreciate their unique humor by understanding the cultural significance of precedent phenomenon. This paper is divided into five parts:The first part is the introduction section, mainly introducing research background, present situation of the research, the research significance and the main research problems.The first chapter mainly introduces precedent theory and its development, the classification of precedent phenomenon, and it also explains the relationship between precedent phenomenon and natural culture by analyzing the sources, the implied perception constants of precedent phenomenon and culture significance. Chapter 2 firstly introduces the connotation of jokes and political jokes and the relationship between political jokes and precedent phenomenon, followed by the analysis of the characteristics of precedent phenomenon in Russian political jokes.The third chapter is devoted to revealing the cultural connotation of precedent phenomenon in political jokes through the source, the culture significance and the function of emotional evaluation of precedent phenomenon in political jokes.The last part is the conclusion of the paper. ，俄语论文题目，俄语论文 |
