| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 本文旨在引见俄国情势主义及其代表人物什克洛夫斯基的文艺实际思惟。本文从引见俄国情势主义实际的根本不雅点“文学性”、“失常化”动手对俄国情势主义文论停止研究。俄国情势主义是一种视文学自己为自力自立存在并将文学著作自己作为研究对象的批驳实际，而不是经由过程其他门路如作者生平、心思身分或许社会角度来考核文学的。它将研究的重点放在了文学本身一文学性，以为文学性是文学之所以成之为文学的缘由。“失常化”是俄国情势主义的焦点概念，1916年，什克洛夫斯基提出了失常化实际，在情势主义看来，艺术的进程，就是事物“失常化”的进程，俄语论文范文，就是想法增长感触感染的难度，延伸感触感染的时光，从而增长艺术著作的审美价值的进程。俄国情势主义否决文学对象论，强调文学的自立性，将研究的重点放在了对“情势”的剖析与解读上，看到了情势的动力感化，以为艺术著作赓续变更成长的内驱力就是情势本身赓续更替的成果。情势主义还将研究的笔触伸到了读者接收这一维度，失常化实际变相指出了失常化的终究目标就是要相符读者的审美需求，并提出了文学审美价值与时期创作有着亲密的接洽，这是具有先辈意义的。本文经由过程对俄国情势主义批评性的商量，将俄国情势主义实际中的一些成绩停止较为体系的研究。 Abstract: This paper aims to introduce the theory of the Russian formalism and its representative figure Shklovsky. This article from the introduction of the theory of the Russian situation of the fundamental point of view of "Literature", "abnormal" on the Russian Formalism Literary theory. Russian formalism is a literature view themselves as an independent existence and literary works themselves as research object of criticism practice, and not through the process of other avenues such as the author's life, mind identity or social point of view to assess the literature. It will focus on the study of literature itself a literary nature, that the literature is the reason why literature into literature. "Disorder" is the focus of Russian formalism concept, 1916, Victor Shklovsky advocated the disorders of reality, formalism seems, artistic process is things "abnormal" of the process, is the idea of growth the feeling of difficulty, extend the feeling of time, thereby increasing the process of the aesthetic value of works of art. Russian formalism veto object of literary theory, literature emphasizes the independence, research focused on the analysis and interpretation of "situation", see the situation of the dynamic effect, think art works ceaselessly change growth within the drive force is the situation itself gengxu change results. Situation will also research strokes extension to the reader to receive this dimension, and disorders of actually a disguised that the arrhythmia eventually goal is to conform to the reader's aesthetic needs, and puts forward the literary aesthetic value and period of creation has a close contact, this is has the significance of our ancestors. In this paper, through the process of Russian formalism critical discussion, the Russian formalism in practice some of the results of systematic research. 目录: 中文摘要 4-5 Abstract 5-6 引言 9-10 一、强调文学的自主性，使文学成为文学本身 10-15 （一） 俄国形式主义文论探讨之前文学的地位与探讨状况 10-11 （二） 自主性文学观的内涵 11-14 （三） 文学自主性的确立及其积极意义 14-15 二、反常化强调了文学发展的内驱力 15-21 （一） 反常化的涵义 15-16 （二） 达到反常化效果的措施 16-19 1. 语言反常化 17-18 2. 诗语的难化 18 3. 创造性的变形 18-19 （三） 反常化启发了对文艺发展内驱力的认识 19-21 三、对于俄国形式主义理论中的“形式” 21-26 （一） “形式”概念的重新界定 21 （二） “形式”概念的贡献 21-25 1. 对传统“内容决定论”的批判 21-22 2. 形式本体论的确立 22-23 3. “材料”与“程序”概念内涵的确立 23-25 （三） “形式”概念研讨的不足 25-26 四、超越文艺探讨作家、著作的二维性，将目光延伸至接受的维度 26-36 （一） 形式主义肯定了接受者求新趋异的心理模式 26-28 （二） 读者在阅读中的地位得到创造性的提高 28-30 （三） 文学的审美特征指明了文学创作与时代审美要求的密切联系 30-36 结语 36-37 注释 37-39 参考文献 39-40 致谢 40 |
