| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 对包含俄国、中国与印度等国度在内的西方社会的汗青、现状及将来成长途径的商量，一度蜗居于马克思汗青唯心主义思惟的实际一隅。马克思起先也并没有对西方国度赐与足够的懂得和尊敬，而是更多地将眼光投射于西欧的一些蓬勃国度。对西欧社会汗青的研究与现状的存眷催生了马克思一系列唯物史不雅的根本实际，使其在临盆力与临盆关系抵触活动这一汗青纪律的基本上，提醒出人类社会经过前本钱主义阶段到本钱主义阶段，再到抛弃本钱主义的进步过程。马克思将从西欧社会的考核中得来的社会成长形式用于不雅察西方社会，便得出了西方将同东方一样，无一破例地经由过程各类措施走上本钱主义的成长途径，厥后才有能够活着界规模内产生社会主义反动。虽然东方国度对西方社会的殖平易近运动为本地带来了伟大的人性灾害，但马克思果断摒弃了人性主义的价值标准，以为这一殖平易近行动对于打破西方国度传统、落伍的社会轨制和文明气氛，流传本钱主义的价值理念与临盆措施无疑起到了伟大的推进感化。因此，俄语专业论文，站在人类社会全体成长的角度，以人的临时“就义”换来汗青的整体“提高”也是应加以称道的。但马克思暮年在研究了年夜量人类学的作品，从而对西方社会有了更加精确和详实的掌握后，再加上十九世纪早期工人活动的式微与本钱主义社会的稳固成长，马克思开端对本身先前的实际和将西方社会强行归入到一元的成长形式下的做法展开反思。在卖力研究俄国这一西方社会的典范后，马克思提出了诸如临盆力的非持续成长、临盆力与临盆关系的逾越式联合、汗青成长途径的非一元化等一系列有别于先前结论的实际，并终究以为俄国村社不用要非得步入本钱主义的成长阶段，而可以在运用现有前提的基本上逾越本钱主义的“卡夫丁峡谷”，直接步入到社会主义阶段。这一极新假想的提出便将西方社会从一元的、渐进无腾跃的成长形式下束缚出来，而付与了其悬殊于东方的成长前程和新的活气。此时，马克思谢绝以汗青的提高为名就义人的好处，而愿望也承认经由过程社会的逾越式成长防止本钱主义临盆阶段所带来的一切对人的价值的损害和贬损。这也彰显了马克思暮年在摸索西方社会的成长途径时，真正将临盆力的迷信标准与人的价值标准联合在了一路。本文恰是要循着马克思的思惟萍踪，再现马克思暮年思惟变更的实际平台，提醒马克思在对旧有实际的一系列再思虑运动中所迸收回的思惟灵感，俄语论文题目，并借此不雅照在曩昔了的二十世纪里社会主义反动活动的如火如荼，从中总结成败得掉与汲取经历经验，为中国在新情势下更好地扶植与成长社会主义供给自创。 Abstract: To include Russia, China and India and other countries, including the western society of the history, current situation and future of the growth path to discuss, once dwelling in Marx's historical idealism thought the actual corner. Marx at first did not give enough understanding and respect to the western countries, but more to look at some of the flourishing western europe. Attention to the study and the current situation of social history in Western Europe gave birth to the basic theory of Marx a series of materialist history and the productive forces and production relations in conflict activities this historical discipline basically, to remind the human society after pre capitalist stage to the capitalist stage, to abandon the progress of capitalism. Marx from the Western Europe social assessment of social development forms for indecent observes the western society, which results in the West with the East, without exception, through all sorts of methods on capitalist growth path, Jue is capable of living in produce social revolution. Although western countries of Western society colonizing movement for local brought great human disaster. However, Marx firmly reject the humanistic values, thought the colonizing actions with regard to break the tradition of western countries, backward social system and cultural atmosphere, spread capitalist value idea and methods of production undoubtedly played a great role in promoting. Therefore, standing in the point of view of human society as a whole to grow. In temporary "martyrdom" in exchange for a history of the overall increase is to be praised. But Marx twilight in the works of a large number of anthropology research, thus to the western society have more precise and detailed grasp and early workers activities of the nineteenth century the decline of capitalist society's stability and growth, Marx beginning of itself before the actual and Western society forcibly incorporated into yuan a form of growth reflect. After the model of hard to study Russian in the western society, Marx put forward the non such as productivity, sustainable growth, productive forces and production relations of leapfrog united, history of the growth path non unified and so on a series of don't in the previous conclusion and, ultimately, that Russian village not to must enter the capitalist growth stage, and can in the application of the present conditions of the basic beyond capitalism "Crafting Gorge" and directly into the stage of socialism. This new pole of imaginary proposed the western society from a yuan, progressive prance form of growth under the bondage of, and entrusted to the disparity in Eastern growth prospects and new vitality. This time, Marx declined to improve the history in the name of the benefits of sacrificing and desire also admitted that through the social process of leapfrog growth to prevent damage and derogatory of capitalist production phase brought all of the value of. It also highlights the Marx's twilight years in exploring the growth path of the western society when, the real productivity of science and value standard United way. This article is precisely to follow Marx's thought to be a wanderer, reproducing the actual platform of the change of Marx's thoughts of twilight, remind Marx in a series of old actual again thinking movement in the blend to recover the ideological inspiration, and take the indecent photos in the past of the twentieth century in socialist anti activities like a raging fire, from summarize the success and failure and learn from experience, for China in the new situation better construction and development of socialist supply generated. 目录: |
