1918年美国流感及启示American flu in 1918 and Its Implications 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 人类文明赓续成长的进程,同时也是人类同各类疾病赓续停止奋斗的进程。而每次伤害严重的急性沾染病,更是会对人类社会形成极极重繁重的伤痛和难以估计的丧失。1918年春,第一次世界年夜战即将停止,一场突如其来的流感囊括美国,进而向世界各地舒展,据估量全球有2000万--4000万人被夺去性命,逝世亡人数远远跨越逝世于一战的人数总和。此次流感被定名为“西班牙流感”,它在1918-1919年间共有三波,其主要特色是青丁壮的逝世亡率要年夜年夜高于以往。本文以美国的几个典范地域为例引见了流感残虐的情形。1918年西班牙流感发生的作用是多方面的,最显著的作用要算生齿的年夜量损失,别的它对美国政治生涯和经济的损坏也是明显的。从历久来看,平易近众心思和公共卫生的成长都打上了受流感作用的烙印。1918年西班牙流感的迸发是天然生态情况与人类社会情况配合感化的成果。人们对它的熟悉跟着迷信技巧的成长也在赓续周全,依据病毒学的研究,1918年西班牙流感病毒是一品种似禽流感病毒的新型病毒,它的涌现与植物有着亲密的关系。人与疫病之间正停止着一场永久的战斗,而瘟疫是天然情况与社会情况综协影响的产品,它既随同着人类文明过程而来,同时又对人类社会自己发生伟大而深远的作用。人类只是年夜天然的一个构成部门,应当学会与年夜天然协调相处。 Abstract: Continue the growth process of human civilization, but also with all kinds of human diseases continue to stop fighting process. And each injury severe acute infectious disease, is to the human society formed very heavy pain and difficult to estimate the loss of. In the spring of 1918, first World War II is about to stop, a sudden influenza include the United States, and then to all over the world stretch, it is estimated global 2000 million, 40 million people were deprived of life and died the death toll far beyond died in a war, the sum of the number of. The flu has been named as the "Spanish flu", it in 1918 1919 a total of three wave and its main characteristics is green after Prime's death rate is greatly higher than in the past. In this paper, several regional model of the United States for example introduces the flu raged in the case. Influenced many aspects of the 1918 Spanish flu, the most significant impact to the large loss of the population, else it on the career of the American political and economic damage is obvious. From the long-term point of view, people thought and public health growth has affected by the flu. Burst the 1918 Spanish flu is a natural ecological environment and human society with the role of the results. People on its familiar follow science and technology growth also is in ceaseless round, according to the study of Virology, the 1918 Spanish flu virus is a variety of new virus of avian influenza virus like. Its emergence and plant has a close relationship. Between people with the disease being a permanent combat, and the plague is the product of natural situation and social situation of comprehensive cooperation, it is accompanied by the process of human civilization and, at the same time, the human society their great and far-reaching influence. The human is a natural big department, should learn to live in harmony with nature. 目录: 内容摘要 4-5 Abstract 5 绪言 8-15 (一) 选题主旨 8-9 (二) 相关概念的说明 9-10 (三) 探讨近况之述评 10-13 (四) 本文创新点及结构 13-15 一、1918年美国流感的爆发及扩散 15-37 (一) 第一波流感--1918年春夏 15-20 1、流感的爆发 15-17 2、流感走向世界 17-20 (二) 第二和第三波流感 20-37 1、西班牙流感横扫美国 20-25 2、流感在费城 25-27 3、流感在旧金山 27-32 4、萨摩亚和阿拉斯加 32-34 5、流感与美国远征军 34-37 二、1918年美国流感的作用 37-51 (一) 直接作用 37-45 1、人口大量丧失 37-40 2、干扰政治生活 40-42 3、流感与经济损失 42-45 (二) 间接作用 45-51 1、对民众心理的作用 45-47 2、对医护与公共卫生的作用 47-49 3、西班牙流感与人口统计学 49-51 三、1918年美国流感爆发和扩散的原因探索 51-60 (一) 自然生态环境的作用 51-52 (二) 人类社会环境的作用 52-55 1、人口的流动与迁移 52-54 2、医疗卫生条件的制约 54-55 3、行政管理部门的失误 55 (三) 生物医学解析 55-60 四、1918年美国流感带给人类的启示 60-69 (一) 人与疫病--永恒的战争 60-64 (二) 人与自然--和谐为美 64-69 结语 69-71 附录 71-72 参考文献 72-78 后记 78 |
