[Abstract] Translation, as a tool for the communication of cultures, transfers the cognition of the source language into the target language, and translation of metaphor has became a controversy receiving more and more attentions. This paper introduces the English and the Chinese metaphor in details. In the beginning, different definitions of English metaphor are quoted from authorities. Then the construction of English metaphor and three basic components, the tenor, the vehicle and the ground, are introduced, followed by the four basic structure patterns. Different classifications of metaphor are appreciated and studied at the different levels. From the angle of rhetoric effect, the live metaphor and the dead metaphor are classified in the first type, and from Newmark’s view, four categories are classified, and finally four categories can be sorted out according to the emergence of metaphor’s three components. At the level of cognition three categories are introduced form Lakoff’s classification. Then Chinese metaphor is analyzed in the same way, so the contrast and comparison are apparently made. Based on that, the obstacles which may exist in the translation of metaphor are probed into, that is, the study of the origin of the obstacles----culture clash, including the differences of the living environment and history, tradition and custom, classical tales and literary works, religion and so on. At last, the standard and the skills of the translation of metaphor are discussed. 【摘要】：翻译是将一种文化中的语言所表现的认知方式用目的语传递到目的语的文化中去，而隐喻的翻译已经开始成为探讨翻译方向里的重点和难点之一。本文详细介绍英语隐喻和汉语隐喻，首先在概念上引用权威的定义和诠释，接着从结构特征上下手略论英语隐喻的基本构成成分，即：本体、喻体、喻底。由此引出英语隐喻的三大基本句型。在分类上, 首先从修辞效果的角度进行论证，①将其分成活隐喻和死隐喻两大类；②引用Mark的观点分成四类进行略论特点；③根据隐喻的三大成分之间的联系，隐喻又可分成四种情况。接着，从认知层面上，总结略论Lakoff的观点中有利于理解隐喻特点的结构隐喻，实体隐喻，方位隐喻。接着本文对汉语隐喻和英语隐喻形作一比较，指出在语言上的目标和功能影响成为英语隐喻和汉语隐喻最大的共同点。在此基础之上，略论了在隐喻翻译过程中会遇上的‘拦路虎’，并深入到产生翻译障碍的根本原因----文化异同，包括地理和历史，英语论文网站，传统习俗因，宗教信仰，经典传说和文学著作等其它因素。最后，探述了隐喻翻译的标准和基本准则，英语毕业论文，综合英、汉隐喻的特点和文化因素，讨论了几种隐喻翻译的技巧和措施。 1. Introduction |
