摘要
社会阶级指因为经济条件不同，具有相同经济状况的人自发组成一个群体，最终形成的不平等的社会等级秩序。古希腊时，阶级一词就已经被当时的思想家所提出。在之后人类发展的进程中，包括卡尔•马克思、马克斯•韦伯在内的无数社会学家都对阶级这一概念提出了自己的见解。虽然，一直到今天，社会学家们也没能得出一个统一的答案。但是，绝大多数的社会学家都认同，经济状况的分化是导致社会阶级分化的根本原因。
英国作为最先实行现代政治制度的国家，封建残余较重，在历史上一直是一个讲求等级和出身的国家。但是，在第二次世界大战结束以后，随着科学技术的发展，英国人的生活质量有了大幅度的提高。包括英国前首相布莱尔、撒切尔夫人等著名的政治家在内，都认同“英国社会已经进化成为无阶级的现代社会”这一观点。
因此，为了探讨阶级在英国当代社会是否仍然客观存在这一命题，本文将在总结前人理论与探讨成果的基础上，首先略论不同职业间的经济状况是否还存在根本性的异同。随后，通过一系列的调查与采访，本文会进一步讨论不同阶级间是否存在心理认同和心理排斥。最后，本文会略论社会阶级是否会作用英国民众的政治选择。综合以上各方面的因素，文章会总结得出阶级在英国社会仍然可观存在这一结论。
关键词：阶级，英国当代社会，卡尔•马克思，英语毕业论文，英语论文题目，马克斯•韦伯
Abstract
Social class (or simply class) refers to a social hierarchy in which people are categorized into different groups because they share heterogeneous economic situations. It used to be considered as a distinctive feature of every capitalist society, including British society. However, after the end of the Second World War, Britain’s economy boomed with the help of new technology therefore British experienced a prominent improvement in their living standard. Under this circumstance, some sociologists claim that British contemporary society has evolved into a classless society, bringing a debate “whether social class is still an objective feature of British contemporary society” to the public. In order to answer this question, this thesis examines relevant theories on social class and British contemporary society comprehensively, analyzing how British people’s social class interacts with their occupation, identity and political choice. Meanwhile, various research methods including literature review, questionnaire and interview are used to draw the conclusion that, despite the dramatic change which British society experienced in last century, it is still a class society in many ways.
Key Words: Social class, Britain, Karl Marx, Max Weber
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