摘要
欧尼斯特•海明威不仅是他所在时代的传奇，亦是美国文学史上的传奇。在他创造的著名文学角色中，《老人与海》中的海明威常被认为是海明威笔下“硬汉形象”的代表。从另一个角度来看，这部小说的总体基调是悲剧主义，令这首人类精神的颂歌多了些厚重的宿命感。文章试图从上述两个角度解读小说——英雄精神及悲剧内涵，并略论上述两个要素在塑造圣地亚哥时是如何相互影响的。
文章将以先前探讨圣地亚哥角色塑造的文献，以及古典悲剧理论为基础，并且将从文本中选取例子以证观点。文章将分为四个部分。引言部分简要介绍了海明威与他的《老人与海》，以奠定全文的理论基础。文献综述部分回顾了先前探讨圣地亚哥角色形象的文章，并得出初步结论，英语毕业论文，为后文的论述确定方向。主体部分将包括三个要点：首先是小说中硬汉形象和英雄精神的体现；其次，是小说中悲剧内涵的体现；最后，文章将结合海明威的个人经历，总结出这两个要素是怎样相互影响的。结论部分将说明文章的主要发现，并总结出现的问题。
关键词：海明威，圣地亚哥，《老人与海》，英语论文范文，英雄精神，悲剧模式
Abstract
Ernest Hemingway was a myth in his own time, and a myth in American literature. Among the famous literary characters that he created, Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea is often regarded as the representative of his “code heroes”. From another perspective, the novella was set in the tragic keynote, which made this song of human spirit fatally solemn. The thesis tries to appreciate the novella in these two features mentioned above – the heroic spirits and the tragic connotation, and to analyze how they interconnect with each other in the characterization of Santiago.
This thesis is based on the previous studies on the characterization of Santiago in the Old Man and the Sea, and the classic tragedy theories as well. Several examples selected from the novella are analyzed to support the thesis. To comply with the demands, four parts are included in the paper: the introduction, the literature review, the body and the conclusion. The introductory part gives a brief introduction to Hemingway and his work The Old Man and the Sea, which lays the theoretical basis of the whole research. The literature review shows the previous studies on the role making of Santiago, and some preliminary conclusions are proposed in order to guide the research. The body includes three main points: the first is to present how the rough-man image and the heroic spirits are shown in the novella; secondly, discussions about how tragedy is reflected in the story will be presented; and the last one relates to Hemingway’s personal experiences and explains the interconnections of these two features. The conclusion states the major findings of the thesis and summarizes the limitations shown in the process.
The study is supposed to avoid excessive interpretations and to contain adequate information and finally comes to a relatively complete conclusion, hopefully providing a new perspective for understanding Santiago and Hemingway’s concept of the tragic heroes.
Key words: Hemingway, Santiago, The Old Man and the Sea, hero spirit, tragic mold
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