《分析词汇共现手段及英语写作》[英语论文]

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《分析词汇共现手段及英语写作》----英语论文网     
1. 概述       
实现语篇连贯可通过多种衔接机制。词汇衔接是衔接中最突出最重要的形式,占篇章中衔接纽带中的 40%左右(Hoey,1991)。Halliday和Hasan(1976)把词汇衔接中的词汇联系分为复现和共现联系。所谓“复现”,是指某一词项以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词/泛指词或其它形式重复出现在语篇中,从而构成衔接,实现语篇连贯。词汇共现(co-occurrence)联系,也即本文讨论的重点,广义地说,指在某一语篇中,词汇的使用与篇章主题密切相关。
狭义地说,指词语之间的搭配使用的可能性,主要有反义联系,互补联系,顺序联系等。近年来,一些语言学家们(如 Sinclair)将(组合)搭配也视为词汇同现/共现,但不是意义上的语法搭配(如动词- 形容词与介词 - 副词之间的搭配),也不是习语(idiom)的固定搭配,而是指词汇上由于某种语义上的关系,以搭配的形式共同出现在语篇中。这种搭配联系可以存在于句子中,也可以跨句。在语言的实际使用中,某一特定的语篇必然要围绕某个特定的话题展开,此时,与这个话题相关的词汇出现的频率就比较高、/留学生论文比较集中。以保证语篇的主题和语义场的统一,从而增强语篇的衔接力,促进语篇的连贯性。
据统计,在全国大学英语四级考试作文中,全国平均分还达不到作文及格分数线。这种现象的出现,原因是多方面的,除了因为学生对语法、词汇及句法等掌握不扎实而出现的语言知识问题外,作文逻辑结构较松散,条理不清晰,内容不太一致,意义不连贯,表达较罗嗦,主题不明确是主要原因。这正反映出学生不能从篇章大局出发,不会用衔接连贯理论来指导自己的写作,也暴露出英语写作教学的薄弱环节。本文通过对词汇衔接机制在四级范文中的运用的实例略论,旨在将语篇衔接理论,尤其是词汇衔接手段引入到四级写作教学中来,以期提高学生的四级写作水平。
2. 词汇衔接在大学英语四级范文中的实例略论                
下面的例子是 2017 年 6 月大学英语四级真题范文。写作题目为Online Shopping,作文框架为:1)现在网上购物已成为一种时尚;2)网上购物有很多好处,但也有不少问题;3)我的建议。
参考范文:
Online ShoppingNowadays,英语毕业论文,with the rapid development of information technology,online shopping has gained great popularity among more and more web users. For youngsters in particular ,it is fashionable to purchase daily essentials ,such as books,clothes,electrical equipment,on some famous websites,like Taobao,EBay and Alibaba.Undoubtedly speaking ,online shopping has some advantages. Firstly,compared with traditional shopping,it's very convenient and time- saving.Secondly,英语论文,more choices than real store are another attraction to customers.However,in spite of its advantages ,we cannot turn a blind eye to its disadvantages. Obviously ,quality problem is its first disadvantage. It's common that articles aren't so good just as they are described online that customers always buy fake commodities. In addition,it's troublesome and annoying for many customers to make a change when they are not satisfied with what they bought online. As far as I'm concerned ,the benefits of online shopping greatly outweigh its drawbacks. People should make better use of online shopping and bypass its negative effects. Of course ,government should work out strict regulations and rules to prevent unfaithful and unlawful activities of online shop owners so that it will become really safe and attract an increasing number of customers.
该作文体裁上与2017 年 6 月四级真题作文一样,还是一篇小型的议论文,命题类型是现象解释型。按三段式结构来走,第一段引出网络购物作为一个势不可挡的购物潮流这个话题;第二段主要从利弊两方面进行论述,可以与传统的购物模式去做一个对比;第三段主要从自己的角度出发,谈谈如何看待网购这个话题。
在第一段中用了 information technology-online shopping-popularity -web use(r1);it -fashionable-purchase-daily essentials-websites(2)两条共现词汇链,一个衔接纽带 online shopping-it,以及逻辑关系语nowadays 等,开门见山,英语论文网简洁明了的引出段落主题:现在网上购物已成为一种时尚,衔接自然,连贯。第 二 段 用 了 online shopping-advantages (1);Firstly-traditional shopping-it -convenient and time- saving (2);Secondly-more choices than real store-attraction-customers(3);However-in spite of its ad-vantages -cannot turn a blind eye to -its disadvantages (4);. Quality problem-its first disadvantage(5);articles-aren't good-they-describedonline-customers-buy-fake commodities(.6);In addition-troublesome and annoying-customers-make a change-not satisfied with-what they bought online(7)七条共现词汇链,词汇链(1)中通过复现 online shopping使上下段衔接连贯,并总起陈述网购的一些好处。词汇链(2)和(3)分别陈述网购的“利”的方面词汇链(4)通过逻辑关系语 however 笔锋一转,转述网购的“弊”,分别由词汇链(5)和(6)展开陈述。
此外,衔接链 online shopping-it-its;衔接纽带 articles-the

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