摘要:一个教师能否上一堂好课不仅取决于教师的知识水平,课堂用语的艺术也是必不可少的。课堂用语应用得好,可以提高学生们的学习兴趣。课堂用语要讲究艺术,应注意语言的规范性,并经常变换句型,保持新鲜感。课堂用语要注意应用完整句,句子严谨、表意明确,同时多给学生鼓励。 关键词:英语 教学 课堂用语 教师在课堂上说话,是为了进行课堂教学,如讲解课文内容、略论语句等,但说来说去不外乎那几句套话。但这并不等于说教师的课堂用语就不能生动活泼、丰富多彩了。教师能否使课堂用语生动活泼、丰富多彩,取决于教师的思想措施,教师是否充分利用学生已经学过的英语知识,尤其是基础阶段,教师需要在基本词汇和句型上下功夫,用学生已经学过的语言材料来表达学生自己表达不出来的意思,这样会对他们有帮助。 一、注意语言的规范性 在表达同一意思的几种说法中,要选择合乎英语习惯的说法,注意语言的规范性。这样就可以帮助学生逐渐养成使用英语的习惯,缩小汉语对他们的作用,学习地道的英语。例如,中国学生往往没有用比较委婉的语言请人做事的习惯。试比较下面两组句子: 1. Today you have three questionsto discuss.(There are three questions forus to discuss today.)相比这两种表达,第二种既可以让学生学会There be 句式,又能用us增强彼此的亲切感。 2. Use your own words to describethe incident.(Try to describe the incidentin your own words.) 3. How do you say it better?(What’sa better way of saying it?) 4. What you say is not entirelyfalse?(There’s some one truth in whatyou said.) 5. Read it.(Will you please readthe first paragraph?) 6. Stop.(Please stop here.)或(That’s enough. Stop here.) 7. Repeat.(Excuse me. Will you sayit again?) 8. He has expressed the author’smeaning very well.(He has succeed inbringing out the author’s real intentions.)这样的句子还有很多,在这里就不一一介绍了。 二、经常变换句型同一意思的用语可以用几种说法表示,教师应经常变换句型,目的在于激发学生兴趣,促进学生大脑皮层兴奋。否则,老是使用那几句话,不仅学生感到乏味,有时教师本身也有同感。试比较: 1. It’s time for class.(My watchsays 8:00. Let’s begin our lesson.) 2. Do you understand the meaning?(Do you take in the meaning of thissentence?) 3. I don’t understand what you say.(I can’t say I go along with you.) 4. Think it over and say it again.(Put on your thinking cap and try again.) 5. Class is over.(Let’s bring this lessionlesson to an end. See you tomorrow.) 三、多用完整句 正确的合乎习惯的不完整句在日常谈话中是经常使用的,因为它简单利落,说起来方便。但教师在课堂说话最好多用完整的句子。这样做,除了可以帮助学生巩固已学过的句型和语法知识,让学生听得清楚明白,还可以避免误会,造成一种错误的印象,以为句子结构是可以随意简化的。试比较: 1. Again.(Say it again, please.) 2. What?(I beg your pardon. Whatdid you say?) 3.Anyboby?(Would anybody liketo answer the question?) 4.Too long!(Your sentence is toolong and complicated.) 5.How to spell the word?(How doyou spell the word?) 四、多给学生鼓励 在指出学生回答问题中的缺点和错误时,也要肯定其中好的和对的地方,目的是给学生一些鼓励,使他们看到自己的进步,不致失去信心不敢再发言。即使学困生说的话里毛病很多,教师在改正错误时,措词也要温和些。试比较: You have made many mistakes,and your intonation is poor. Your talk isbadly organized. 这样太直接,我们可以换成这样说,先肯定,再指出错误: Your answershows you understand the story, butthere are some grammar mistakes in it.Your pronunciation is clear on thewhole, but it should be improved.(or:but you will be able to read much betterif your intonation is improved.)当然也可以说:You have given a lotof facts. That is good. If they had beenput in a more logical order, the wholething would have been clearer. 五、句子严谨,表意明确 尽可能使说出的句子严谨、意思明确,英语论文题目,避免说松散的或不确切的句子。要做到这样,是件不容易的事,英语论文范文,但困难是可以克服的,办法之一就是熟记课堂上略论语言和进行课堂教学所需要的常用语句,并不断地吸取琢磨新的说法。积累得多了,说起来也就自如了。试比较: Do you find things in thisversion that we can leave out? It is aninverted sentence. Because the subjectis very long, you can use a few sentencesto retell the story. 我们不妨这样说,语气比较委婉、解释的更清楚: Are there any unnecessarydetails in this version that can be left out?The sentence is in the inverted order.Which is preferable? Because the subjectis much |