[摘 要]商务英语具有与普通英语不同的特性,根据这一特性,将翻译技巧灵活的应用到商务英语的中,通过分类和举例,略论了商务英语英语论文网被动句的翻译方式,并总结了开立信用证、包装、装运、保险、索赔等方面被动句翻译技巧。
[关键词]商务英语;被动句;翻译技巧;分类
商务英语中被动语态的使用非常广泛,主要原因不仅仅是不必或不愿说出或无从说出动作的执行者,而是常用被动句来强调客观性。这类商务英语被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况。
1将被动句翻译成中文的主动句
(1)翻译时没有出现中文的被动词句,如“被、把”等,保留商务英语原文的主、谓语不变,形式上是主动句,表达被动意义。如:
we are given to understand that you are one of the leading importers of textile products in your country.
译:我们获悉,你方是贵国一流的纺织品进口商之一。
A copy ofyour letter has been passed on to us.
译:你方信件复印件已转交给我方。
类似的词组还有are prepared to, be supplied, are understood to, are being sold, be sold out, rest assured, be drawn on us等,试翻:
We are prepared to give 20% discount for an offer to buy the complete stock.
译:如购买完存货,我们打算给予20%的折扣。
OurCIF prices are understood to be for sea transport to Chicago.
译:我们的到岸价是指海运到芝加哥的价格。
Information indicates that the Japanese goods are being sold ata price approximately 10% lower than whatyou quoted.
译:有消息表明,日本货按比你方所报价格低约10%的价格出售。
在商务英语中有些固定的内容及句式是可以翻译成主动句的,如:
供货句式:
All othermodels can be supplied by themiddle ofSeptember2017.
译:所有其他型号可在2017年9月中旬前供货。
展延信用证句式
The shipment and negotiation date shall be extended to September 15th and 30threspectively.
译:装运期和议付期分别展至9月15日和30日。
保险句式
This is to certify that the goods has been insured on behalf ofChina National Non -Metallic Minerals Industry Corporation (Group), Shanghai Branch.
译:兹证明,货物已代中国非金属矿产集团企业上海分企业投保。
(2)翻译时没有出现中文的被动词句,将动作的逻辑主语(有些以by带出,有些需仔细找出)作中文的主语。如:
Your name and address has been given to us by Messrs. J. Smith &Co., Inc., .
译:纽约的约翰.史密斯企业给了我们你方的名称和地址。(这句话还可译成:我们从纽约的约翰.史密斯企业处获悉你方的名称和地址。采用的技巧是下面论述的适当改变句子结构和句子成分,翻译成符合中文表达习惯的主动句。)
Deliverywill bemade on receipt ofyour confirmed irrevocable L/C;
译:一收到你方保兑的、不可撤消信用证,我们立即装运。
(3)翻译以it作形式主语的英语句式it is stipulated, it is expected, it is noted, it is pointed out等时,一般转为主动形式,有些翻译成带表语的主动句,有些适当加上“我们”等不确定主语。如:
Itwas stipulated that the goods should be delivered within three days.
译:经约定该项货物须在三日内送交。
It is expected that the consignmentwillbe ready for shipment in the early part ofMay.
译:我们期望货物可于五月初备妥待运。
It should be pointed out that the sales season is drawing near and the goods are urgently required in ourmarket.
译:需指出的是,销售季节已经来临,我方市场上急需此货。
(4)改变被动句中的个别词的词性,如动词改为名词,名词变为动词等,翻译成主动句。如:
Our firm isTaiwan based.
译:我们企业总部在台湾。(动词变名词)
Your early replywill be highly appreciated.
译:如你方能早日回信,我们将非常感激。(名词变动词)
(5)适当改变句子结构和句子成分,翻译成符合中文表达习惯的主动句。在商务英语中可以进行类似翻译的有包装中对于运输标志的句式,如:
Shippingmarks to be stenciled on the outer packing are indicated as follows。
译:须在外包装上刷上唛头,如下图所示。
The package is stenciled with“ABC NewYork”.
译:在这件货上刷上“ABC NewYork”字样。
需注意的是,这里所应用的技巧跟下面第2种“将原句中的主语移到谓语之后,译作宾语,整句话译成无主语句”相似,只是这里更强调整句的重组。
(6)应用被动动词的近义和反义词,改变翻译,将词翻译成主动性的含义,如:
The extent of insurance is stipulated in the basic policy form and in the various risk clause.
译:保险的范围写在基本保险单和各种险别的条款里。
2将被动句译成汉语被动句
象普通英语一样,有时为了强调被动动作或突出施动者时,可以将英语被动句译为汉语被动句,处理起来时会根据汉语的习惯翻译成不同的句式。
(1)翻译成汉语句中有“被”、“遭受”等词的被动句。如:
All her funds are tied up in the real estate.
译:她的所有资金全部被房地产占压了。
The contents are seriously damaged owing to improper packing.
译:由于包装不当,里面货物严重受损。
(2)译成“为……所”结构的句子,如:
Our quotation is quite realistic and have been accepted by buyers ofother sources.
译:我们的报价很实际,已被其，英语论文，英语论文范文 |
