〔摘要〕中国加入世贸以来, 商务英语变得越来越重要了, 因此掌握商务英语运用文的文体风格与语言特点是很有必要的。本文通过大量的例证略论, 讨论了商务英语运用文的文体风格与语言特点, 希望对商务英语学习者与商务英语工作者有所裨益。
一、商务英语写作的类别一般来说 , 按照其用途 , 商务英语写作可以分为以下八种:
1 . 信函。通常信函广泛地应用于各种社会联系活动与商业事务中。它又可分为私人信函和官方信函。2 . 商业文件。通常商业文件广泛地应用于经济与贸易领域。它又可分为一般的商业信件和特殊的商业文件。一般的商业信件包括建立商业联系的信件 , 接受函和合同等。特殊的商业文件包括索赔的报价函、贷款信件、委托证明书、意向书、投诉信件等。3 . 礼仪文件。此类文件包括祝贺文件和吊慰文件。4 . 合同。这类文件包括意向协议书、销售证明、代理协议、合同、文化交流协议、约会信函、协议条款等。5 . 信息通告文件。此类文件常用来通知公众或引起公众的注意。如: 报告、通知、海报、备忘录、广告等。6 . 说明性的写作。此类文件常用来解释或说明某个问题或事件 , 包括商标、广告说明书、质量保证书、图文说明等。7 . 帐单和收据。这类写作可分为许多种 , 如帐单、表格、收据、保险单、订单、航运文件、证明等。8 . 会议的文件。此类文件包括会前签定和告知的会议中所记录的及会后有关的文件。
二、商务英语的文体风格与语言特征运用文英语写作 , 尤其是商务英语写作 , 是实际应用语言的一个典范。其主要影响是按照文件上所定的条款规则来告知或提醒其合作伙伴或公众的行动。这样的运用文写作有其独特的语言风格: 标准性、正式性和特殊性。当然 , 商务英语也有其基本的语言特征 , 那就是: 完整性、具体性、简洁性、简明性、顾及性和准确性。
1 . 频繁地使用动态的词 , 如去等 , 而不是那些静态的词 , 如是等。例如:(1) We are glad t o inform you that our cust omers are quitesatisfied with the quality Of your p r oducts1(2) Your p roducts are selling well1众所周知 , 商人处在正在进行时的句子中代表着繁荣的景观 — — — 产品已售出。2 . 更多地位用连贯介词而不使用单个的简单介词。如in favor of, in comp liance with, as per, in view of . . . 例如:(1) Freight payable as per charter party’ s p lus t wo non —negotiable cop ies1(2) This certificate of silk p roducts is issued in comp liancewith the consignee’ s request1因为商务英语写作属于正式文体写作 , 所以更多地使用直观的语言更使人们觉得庄重与严肃。3 . 使用由 “here” , “there”构成的复合词 , 或由“where”加上 in, by, after等后缀构成的词。例如:(1) We confir med the credit and thereby undertake that alldraft drawn and p resent as above specified will be dulyhonored by us at our counter on or before .(2) This contract is made by and bet ween the Buyers andthe Sellers, whereby the Buyers agree t o buy and theSellers agree t o sell the under—menti oned commodityaccording t o the terms and conditi ons sti pulated bel ow1这些词的使用能避免没必要的重复 , 从而使意思更简洁明了。 “here”指代 “this” , “there”指代 “that” , “where”指代 “what” , 或 “which” 。
4 . 使用正式法学英语的表达法。如 assist, assign, con2strue, convene, execute, interi m, partake, repatriate, the said等。例如:(1) At the request of Party A agrees t o send technicians t oassist ( ratherthan“hel p” ) Party B install the equi p2ment . .( 2 ) I n p rocessing transacti ons, the manufactures neverhave title ( rather than“right” ) either t o the materialsor t o the finished p r oducts .
5 . 更多地使用非限定的形式来表达严肃的语气。例如:(1) Should the Vessel deviate or put back during a voyage,contrary t o the others ordirecti ons of the Charterers, formany reas ons other than accident t o the cargo or wherepermitted in lines 257 t o 258 hereunder, the ire is t obe sus pended from the ti me of her deviating or puttingback until she is again in the same or equidistant posi2ti on fr om the destinati on and the voyage resumed there2fr om.(2) Should ice p revent the Vessel from reaching port of dis2charge the Charterers shall have the op ti on of keep ingthe Vesselwaiting until the reopening of navigati on andpaying demurrage p r of ordering the Vessel t o a safeand i mmediately accessible port where she can safelydischarge without risk of detenti on by ice1Such orderst o be given within 48 hours after theMaster or the Own2ers have given notice t o the Charterers of the i mpossi2bility of reaching port of destinati on .
6 . 更多地使用 “shall”来增强语气。例如:(1) This contract shall become effective upon and fr om thedate onwhich it is signed1(2) The Sellers shall be liable for any rust, damage andl oss attributed t o inadequate packing by the ，英语论文，英语论文范文 |
