Abstract:
In recent years, with the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard, tourism grows rapidly and people’s need for tourist resources become more and more urgent. In many countries with abundant tourist resources, people usually think highly of economic values and its contribution to nation’s economy, and they ignore the negative impacts to environment brought by tourism. Sustainable tourism as a new trend in tourism attracts much attention around the world. The paper tries to analyze the issues and challenges we meet and to seek strategies to develop sustainable tourism.
Key words: tourist resources，strategies，sustainable tourism
1.Introduction
Tourism is one of the world’s fastest growing industries and an important source of foreign exchange and employment for many developing countries. In reviewing the first five years’ implementation of Agenda 21 in 1997 at its nineteenth Special Session, the General Assembly indicated the need to give further consideration to the importance of tourism in the context of Agenda 21. In 2017, the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg addressed sustainable tourism in Chapter IV of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation.
There are a myriad of definitions for Sustainable Tourism, including eco-tourism, green travel, environmentally and culturally responsible tourism, fair trade and ethical travel. The most widely accepted definition is that of the World Tourism Organization. They define sustainable tourism as “tourism which leads to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems”.
Based on the survey of guidelines for sustainable tourism by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the elements of sustainable tourism which are most frequently cited include:
1. Putting sustainable tourism development into practice in the development, management and integration of tourism with the wider economy, society and the environment;
2. Protecting bio-diversity, the environment and natural resourced;
3.including the participation of all stakeholders, and in particular, local communities in tourism; and ensuring that local communities have an equitable share in benefits resulting from tourism;
4. Siting tourism operations and development appropriately to avoid damage to bio-diversity and the environment;
5. Operation within the capacities of the environment, and of available infrastructure;
6.using resources efficiently ,and preventing pollution and waste; (教育部《旅游英语》教材编写组，2017)
2. Issues and challenges
2.1 Tourism and environment
The natural environment is an important resource for tourism. With increasing urbanization, destinations in both industrialized and developing countries with significant natural features, scenery, cultural heritage or biodiversity are becoming increasingly popular sites for tourist destinations ( 宋炜，英语论文范文，邓毛颖, 2017-8). Efforts to preserve and enhance the natural environment should therefore be a high priority for the industry and for governments. Small islands, coastal areas, wetlands, mountains and deserts, all now popular as tourist destinations, are five of the six ‘fragile ecosystems’ as identified by Agenda 21 that require specif，英语论文 |
