英语写作过程中运用高级结构提高学生写作能力的策略[英语论文]
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更新时间:2017-04-24
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《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语考试说明》对高考英语写作评分标准的档次提出了明确的要求,其最高档次(21分~25分)的要求是:完全完成了试题规定的任务;覆盖所有内容要点;运用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。也就是说,教师要想让学生拿到高考作文最高档次得分,改变当前写作的瓶颈现象,就必须着眼于指导学生运用较高级的词汇和丰富的句式及结构。
一、在简单句中使用高级形式
(一)提取高级词汇
词汇量能反映一个人知识贮存量的多少,也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标准。表达要生动具体、准确多样,要有细节支撑。具体做法为:多用高中学过的词汇代替初中的词汇,孤独的名词用形容词来修饰,孤独的形容词、动词、过去分词可以用副词来修饰,孤独的介词短语中可加入适当的形容词或副词。考生要想取得高分,就要强化使用复杂、高级的词汇。高中学过的形容词、副词比初中更高级,如果能应用娴熟,则具有表达生动、情感丰富之功效。例如:
The majority of students believe that the part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal (人际的)skills.
→The majority of students firmly believe that the part-time job will undoubtedly provide them with golden opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills tremendously (巨大地).
Necessary facilities are also available, making it more convenient for students’ study.
Fortunately, under the leadership of the government, we can delightedly find the school as well-built as it was before.
(1)短语优先。写作时优先使用习语(短语、成语),可以使语言有文采。例如:
In his(Edison’s) life time, he wanted to know how things worked.
→In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked.
I can no longer bear the way he speaks to us.
→I can no longer put up with the way he speaks to us.
(2)避免重复。尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词,必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。如2017届高三调研测试(二)的英语作文题:有人对林书豪(Jeremy Lin)的未来发展进行一项社会调查,请你根据调查结果写一篇150词的英语短文。
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Some people think he is successful because of his hard work. Some people consider his talent as a main factor of his success. It’s also believed that the good education he has received leads to his success. But some people argue that he has achieved success just because he is lucky.(葛文山,2017)
(二)使用较丰富的句式
应用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少,整篇文章也会因此而生辉。利用不同的结构来表达同一个意思,则能增加文章的文采。
(1)同位语。同位语的使用,可以使句子结构既精练,又生动。例如:
The big fe[提供论文/和/论文的服务,/]llow was Jim Thorpe, the greatest American athlete of modern times.
(2)非谓语结构。非谓语结构是高中英语学习的一个重要语法点,具有简化句子、表达生动的特点,书面性强。例如:
过去分词: Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
现在分词:On arriving /his arrival ,please give me an e-mail.
I will come tomorrow, weather permitting.
不定式短语:He is so kind as to help me.
(3)介词短语。使用介词短语能使句子紧凑,不冗长,体现娴熟驾驭语言之功。例如:
Concerning this phenomenon, different people have different opinions.
At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.
I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street with a handbag in her hand.
(4)独立主格。独立主格的灵活应用,英语论文范文,可以使句子更具有表现力,语言地道且具有美感。例如:
All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
I will come tomorrow, weather permitting.
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
(5)倒装。倒装句具有调节句子平衡、抒发强烈感情色彩的功效,且使用起来比较不容易出错,常用于提出建议、发表看法的文章。例如:
Only in this way can we learn English well.
There comes the police car.
Hardly had they got to the station when they met the young man.
Though I’m weak, I’ll make the effort.
→Weak as I am, I’ll make the effort.
(6)改变语态。汉语中被动语态很少用,大多表达一些对主语而言是不如意或不希望发生的事情。但是,英语中使用被动语态频率较高,所以教师应该指导学生换个思维去表达,不一定全部使用主动结构。改变语态,会使句子表现不单一。例如:
People suggest that the conference be put off.
→It is suggested that the conference be put off.
(7)改变句子开头的方式。不要一味地采用“主语—谓语—宾语”的语序,英语论文题目,可以适当地把一些成分(如状语)提前,放在句子的开头,这样使整个句子读起来跌宕起伏,增加了书面表达的表现力。例如:
Our library is in the center of our school. It is between the garden and the teaching building.
→In the center of our school lies our library,which is between the garden and the teaching building.
(8)使用谚语。首先,英语谚语具有语言凝练、生动形象、句子结构灵活多变等特点,是帮助学生写作的好材料。例如:
Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧)
Rome [提供论文/和/论文的服务,/ |
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