| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 在经济全球化的配景下，跟着交通和通信技巧的赓续成长，世界列国、各平易近族之间的接洽日益慎密，跨文明外交已成为一个异常广泛的景象。礼貌是表现人类社会文明的标记之一，是一种广泛存在、与人类生涯慎密接洽的社会景象，俄语毕业论文，是人类社会运动的主要准则。礼貌用语作为人们表达礼貌的重要措施，是树立和保持友爱关系的根本包管，在外交中施展侧重要的感化。在中俄跨文明外交中，因为两边来自分歧的文明配景，导致俄汉语在礼貌用语的组成和运用上存在着必定的差别，在这类情形下弗成防止的会产生礼貌用语的语用掉误，作用外交的顺遂停止。本文重要从言语行动实际动身，经由过程剖析中俄跨文明外交中的礼貌用语语用掉误在称谓言语行动、问候言语行动、要求言语行动、祝愿言语行动和离别言语行动实行进程中的详细表现，总结出了礼貌用语语用掉误重要产生在一下几种情形中：第一，将汉语中独有的，或是表达措施雷同但语意图义分歧的礼貌用语直接套用到俄语中，招致礼貌用语的言外之力损失而发生语用掉误；第二，俄语论文范文，没有充足懂得俄罗斯的平易近族风气传统和俄语中一些具有平易近族特点的礼貌用语的准确用法，运用了与所处时光、所在、对象、场所等身分不符合的表达而招致的掉误；第三，疏忽所处外交语境的详细情形，如：外交两边社会位置高下、关系亲疏水平、外交场所的正式与非正式等，选用了不达时宜的礼貌用语而招致语用掉误的产生。在此基本上得出形成中俄跨文明外交中礼貌用语语用掉误的三个重要缘由，即：语用负迁徙、文明差别、跨文明心思妨碍。是以，我们要经由过程建立跨文明认识、进步语用才能来尽可能削减和防止中俄跨文明外交中礼貌用语语用掉误的产生，增进中俄跨文明外交的顺遂停止。 Abstract: In the background of economic globalization, along with the ceaseless development of traffic and communication skills, all the countries in the world, the ethnic connection between the increasingly close, cross cultural diplomacy has become a wide scene. Politeness is one of the markers of the civilization of human society, is a widespread and close connection with human career social scene, is the main principle of human social movement. As one of the important ways to express politeness, politeness expressions are the fundamental guarantee to establish and maintain friendly relations. Cross cultural diplomacy in Russia, because the two sides from different cultural backgrounds, resulting in Russian and Chinese, there are some differences in the composition and application of politeness, in this kind of situation is inevitable will have politeness pragmatic mistakes, affecting foreign smoothly. This article from the speech act theory, through the analysis of Sino Russian cross culturalforeign courtesy appellation pragmatic error in speech act and greeting speech act and speech act and speech act requires wishes and parting words and actions in the process of implementation of performance in detail, summed up the politeness pragmatic failures in some cases have important first, Chinese unique, or similar but polite expression method of semantic mapping meaning differences directly to Russian, lead courtesy of illocutionary force loss and pragmatic error; second, accurate usage did not know enough plain some of Russia's ethnic characteristics with courtesy of close family the traditional culture and in Russian, the application and the time, location, object and place identity expression does not meet the error incurred by the article; Three, details of the negligence of diplomatic context such as diplomatic relationship, on both sides of the social position high level, foreign places, formal and informal, with polite anachronism and pragmatic errors lead off. On this base, the three important reasons why the pragmatic failures of politeness in Chinese and Russian foreign polite expressions are: pragmatic negative transfer, cultural differences, and cross cultural psychology. So we must establish a cross-cultural understanding and progress to pragmatic as much as possible to cut and prevent Russia cross culturalforeign politeness pragmatic errors generated by the process, China and Russia to promote cross culturaldiplomatic smoothly. 目录: 致谢 5-6 摘要 6 Автореферат 7-11 引言 11-14 一、 学术探讨背景和相关概念 14-25 1. 文化和跨文化交际 14-19 1）对于文化 14-16 2）对于交际 16-17 3）对于跨文化交际 17-19 2. 礼貌和礼貌用语 19-25 1）礼貌 19-20 2）礼貌用语 20-22 3. 语用失误 22-25 二、 中俄跨文化交际中礼貌用语语用失误在不同言语行为中的表现 25-40 1. 在称呼言语行为中的表现 26-30 1）代词性称呼语 27-29 2）名词性称呼语 29-30 2. 在问候言语行为中的表现 30-33 1）命题式问候语 31-32 2）非命题式问候语 32-33 3. 在请求言语行为中的表现 33-35 4. 在祝贺言语行为中的表现 35-37 5. 在告别言语行为中的表现 37-40 1）命题式告别语 37-38 2）非命题式告别语 38-40 三、 中俄跨文化交际中礼貌用语语用失误的原因 40-48 1. 语用负迁移 40-41 2. 文化异同 41-46 1）价值观念的异同 42-43 2）思维方式的异同 43-44 3）社会习俗的异同 44-45 4）民族心理的异同 45-46 3. 跨文化心理障碍 46-48 1）民族中心主义 46-47 2）异族恐惧心理 47-48 四、 避免中俄跨文化交际中礼貌用语语用失误的策略 48-52 1. 树立跨文化意识 48-49 2. 提高语用能力 49-52 结语 52-54 参考文献 54-56 |
