| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 德国农业休息力转移和乡村生齿的城市化的特色是由多方面的缘由构成的。德国工业反动增进了德国城市经济的成长和德国科技的提高。德国工业反动比起英国和法国晚一些，重要是受本国政治经济和社会前提的作用。乡村地盘轨制的变更和农业运营措施的变更，进步了农业休息临盆率和农业的商品化水平、农业反动束缚出年夜量残剩休息力，并进步了向城市供给食粮和其他食物的才能，以知足日趋增加的非农业生齿对农产物的需求。国度的同一和农奴制的破除，德语论文题目，清除了生齿活动的政治妨碍。古代交通运输对象的成长把全国各个地域连成一体。减少了地域间的间隔，为生齿活动发明了优越前提。第一，德国农业休息力的转移和乡村生齿城市化时光短、过程快1870一1920年间两千多万农业休息力进入非农部分失业，近三万万乡村生齿在城市假寓，由乡村居平易近改变为城市市平易近。德国的工业化与城市化程度产生质的变更。工业化与城市化互相增进，经济构造更改与社会构造更改同步停止；第二，德国农业休息力的转移和乡村生齿城市化没有严重社会妨碍。休息力的转移失业和生齿向城市移平易近假寓都是在国民权力下停止，不管是城市人照样乡村人、不管是当地人照样外来生齿，只需是本国国民，就享用一致的待遇和权力，也承当雷同的责任，不存退职业与身份相分别、经济位置与社会位置错位景象，乡村居平易近较为顺遂地融入城市社会。第三，德国工业化与城市化同步成长使城市成为国度的经济中间，同样成为德国居平易近生计、生涯的重要载体，市场经济的根本准绳、市平易近权力对等的准绳成为安排德国经济社会成长的同一准绳，从而使德国城乡二元化的构造崩溃，由此进入城乡一体化的成长阶段。第四，德国事东方国度中率先树立社会保证系统的国度，社会保证系统的树立使转移休息力的掉业工伤养老义务由当局公司小我配合分管，工人的保证由家庭保证地盘保证变成社会保证，加重转移的农业休息力乡村生齿城市化的动乱，稳固社会转型，第五职业教导进步休息力本质，晋升人力本钱质量，有益于转移失业的农业休息力融入城市社会。德国休息力转移对德国社会经济发生异常主要的作用。乡村生齿活动，对德国社会经济的成长，德语论文范文，发生了伟大的作用。一方面，古代经济部分的公司成为休息力失业的重要部分，城市社区成为包容德国生齿生涯的重要载体；另外一方面，农业残剩休息力的转移使德国农业向着古代化、商品化与专业化临盆迈进，使城乡社会关系，政治生涯、人们的文明本质都产生了深到的变更。德国乡村残剩休息力转移同工业化、城市化相反相成，增进着德国由农业社会向工业社会改变。 Abstract: The German agricultural labor force transfer and the rural population of the city's character is composed of many aspects of the reason. The German industrial revolution promoted the German city economic development and the improvement of science and technology of germany. The German Industrial Revolution later than Britain and France, is the important impact of their own political, economic and social conditions. Change of rural land institutional change and agricultural operation method, improve the agricultural rest birth rate and agricultural commodities, agricultural revolution liberate a large number of surplus labor force, and progress to urban food supply and other food, in order to satisfy the increasing non-agricultural population demand for agricultural products. The same country and get rid of serfdom, cleared the population of politics obstruct. The ancient transportation object to various areas of national integrated development. To reduce the regional interval, superior premise for population activities present. First, the German agricultural rest force transfer and the rural population urbanization time short, the process is quick 1870 a 1920 more than 20000000 agricultural labor force enter non-agricultural unemployment, nearly 300 million rural population in urban residence, by rural residents near change for urban residents. The degree of industrialization and city of Germany have a qualitative change. Industrialization and urbanization mutual promotion and economic structure change and social structure change synchronously stopped; the second, German agriculture rest force transfer and rural population of no serious social prejudice. Rest the force transferred unemployment and population move to the city folk residence is stopped in the national power, regardless of the city still rural people, whether it is local people still alien population, just a country's nationals, enjoy consistent treatment and power, also bear the same responsibility, not retreat occupation and identity phase, respectively, economic status and social dislocation scene, rural residents in more smoothly into urban society. Third, Germany's industrialization and urbanization in the synchronous growth causes the city to become the country's economy in the middle, the same as Germany ranks an important carrier of the peoples livelihood, career, the principle of market economy, basic principles, city residents near power peer become arrangement of Germany's economic and social development of the same principle, so that the collapse of the German urban-rural dual structure, which entered the growth stage of the integration of urban and rural areas. Fourth, Germany western countries lead in setting up national social security system, social security system set up the transfer of labor force out occupational pension obligations by authorities individual enterprise coordination in charge, the workers by the family to ensure land safeguard into social security, reduce the force of rural population urbanization of unrest in the rest of the transfer of agriculture, strong social transformation, the fifth career teaching progress rest force nature and promotion human capital quality, beneficial to jobless shift of agricultural labor force into the urban society. The German labor transfer to the social and economic impact of the main abnormal germany. The rural population on social and economic activities, Germany's growth, had great influence. On the one hand, the part of ancient economic enterprises become the rest and an important part of the unemployment, urban community become inclusive of an important carrier of the German population career; on the other hand, agricultural residue left rest transfer of the German agricultural striding toward modernization, commercialization and specialization of production and the social relationship between urban and rural areas, the nature of civilization of political life, and people have to deep changes. Germany rural surplus labor force transfer with the industrialization and urbanization are both opposite and complementary to each other, the increase in Germany from agricultural society to industrial society change. 目录: |
