| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，德语论文题目，内容请直接查看目录。） 自1872年世界上第一个国度公园--黄石国度公园树立以来,国度公园轨制作为资本掩护和开辟运用的先辈形式曾经活着界上很多国度和地域获得有用推行。美国作为国度公园轨制创建的前驱,树立了完整的国度公园系统,掩护着国度年夜部门主要的天然和文明遗产。日本、德国积极效仿美国,也都树立了较为完美的国度公园治理系统。国度公园轨制在美国、日本、德国资本掩护中施展侧重要感化,三国各自树立了绝对成熟、合适本国国情的国度公园治理形式。在我国,与国际接轨,台湾地域国度公园的扶植开端得比拟早。内海洋区,先辈的国度公园轨制正在资本治理中慢慢获得承认、应用和推行。云南省最早启动国度公园的扶植。2017年,地处“三江并流”遗产区的普达措国度公园的建成拉开了云北国家公园系统扶植的帷幕。2017年9月,素有“红松家乡”佳誉之称的原始丛林区--黑龙江汤旺河被国度情况掩护部和国度旅游局选定为中国首个国度公园试点。汤旺河国度公园因为取得国度级当局部分的审批而被以为是中国第一个真正意义上的国度公园。中国国度公园扶植的画卷正慢慢睁开。我国在停止国度公园扶植的进程中,特别是在早期阶段,吸取国际上胜利的国度公园治理经历长短常必须的。本文试图经由过程对国际上比拟有代表性的美国、日本、德国国度公园治理形式的比拟,探寻三国国度公园治理形式的特点和发生的缘由,愿望能为中国国度公园的扶植供给参考。本文起首引见了美国、日本、德国国度公园成长汗青、成长概略和治理现状。在此基本上,从治理理念、治理体系体例、运营形式、介入机制、司法制订、资金起源六年夜方而对三国国度公园治理形式作比拟,剖析三国国度公园治理形式的配合性和差别性。最初停止三国国度公园治理形式经历归结,并接洽我国现实,对中国国度公园治理提出保持可连续成长的治理理念、树立同一的治理机构、制订专门的司法、重视"介入、立异资金张罗机制、实施分区治理、实行特许运营轨制七项建议。研究注解,中国在构开国家公园特点治理形式进程中,要一直保持可连续成长思惟、保持国度公园公共产物的特征、保持好处相干者的权益保护、保持停止清楚的产权界定。 Abstract: Since the first National Park in the world in 1872, the national park system has been set up in Huangshi since the establishment of the National Park. The United States as a national park system to create a pioneer, set up a complete national park system, covering the country's major natural and cultural heritage. Japan, Germany actively emulate the United States, but also to establish a more perfect system of National Park management. National Park System in the United States, Japan, Germany, the role of the protection of capital, the three countries have set up a mature, appropriate national conditions of the National Park Management form. In our country, with the international practice, the construction of the National Park in Taiwan is beginning to be compared with the beginning. Within the marine area, the national park system is slowly gaining recognition, application and implementation in capital management. Yunnan Province, the first to start the construction of the national park. In 2017, is located in the "Three Rivers" heritage area Pudacuo National Park built open cloud north country park system construction of the curtain. In September 2017, known as "koraiensis hometown" beautiful praise said the primeval forest area in Heilongjiang Tangwanghe is national protection and National Tourism Administration selected as China's first National Park pilot. Tangwanghe National Park because to obtain the approval of national authorities are considered is the true meaning of China's first national park. The picture scroll of Chinese National Park is slowly opened. Our country in the process of stopping the national park construction, especially in the early stages, draw on the international victory of the national park management experience is often necessary. This paper tries to compare the characteristics and causes of the governance of the Three Kingdoms in the United States, Japan and Germany. This paper first introduced the United States, Japan, Germany, Han Qing National Park Development Survey and the governance status of growth. On this base, from the management idea, management system, operation mode, the intervention mechanism, the judicial formulation, the origin of capital, the six major national park management form of the Three Kingdoms, the analysis of the form of the Three Kingdoms park management of the cooperation and difference. First stop three national parks in the form of governance experience summed up, and approached the reality of our country, for the governance of the Chinese National Park proposed to maintain that can develop continuously is the concept of governance, establish a governance mechanism, formulate special justice, pay attention to the intervention, innovation funds appealing mechanism, implementation of the partition of governance, the implementation of franchising, the rail of the seven recommendations. Research notes, China in the construction of National Park characteristics of governance in the process, to keep the sustainable development of ideas, to maintain public product characteristics of the National Park, to maintain the interests of the relevant persons to protect the rights and interests of the people, to maintain a clear definition of property rights. 目录: |
