摘要
在男女平等这一主题越来越吸引人们目光的今天，许多文学评论家、学者在认识到这一主题的重要意义后把他们的目光投向了女性文学，以探究普通女性复杂的心理与情感世界。女性文学著作大多承载着女性意识的主题，它们常关注女性生存状况、审视女性心理情感和表达女性生命体验。
《逃离》是爱丽丝•芒罗的短篇小说，它讲述了女主角卡拉在婚前与婚后为追求自身价值与独立几次出逃的故事。第一次为了爱情，她带着对未来生活的美好期望成功地逃离了母亲和继父；第二次为了不再受到婚姻与丈夫卡拉克的压抑，在邻居西尔维娅太太的帮助下她又一次踏上了逃离之路，然而逃离途中卡拉的惊慌失措与对未来的恐惧使得她的这次逃离以失败告终。被丈夫接回家后，为了能够待在丈夫身边，卡拉最终决定逃离她本真的自我，压抑自己对成为一名独立而有自身价值的女性的渴望。相同的逃离方式，不同的逃离结果，这背后体现了卡拉女性意识迂回发展的动态过程。
《日常用品》是爱丽丝•沃克的短篇小说，它讲述了一名黑人妇女和两个女儿在找寻黑人女性自我价值过程中所表现出的观念和行为异同。文中母亲是一个真实而典型的美国黑人劳动妇女的形象，她有着强健的体魄和独立自主的顽强个性。她热爱黑人的生活与文化，同时也愿意接受新事物。大女儿迪伊很早离开家乡在城市接受高等教育，英语论文网站，她深受白人文化的熏陶并急于得到白人文化的接受和赞同，与此同时她摒弃了黑人的传统文化。小女儿麦姬是作者笔下收到性别与种族双重压迫的黑人女性形象代表，她身上有着黑人的传统特征，但她却十分惧怕与外界新事物的交流，在小说的最后，麦姬会心的一笑代表着在母亲和迪伊的作用下，她也有了跨出思想禁锢的勇气。
《逃离》和《日常用品》从不同角度展现了当代女性的生存近况和思想挣扎。本文对这两部短篇小说进行了对比略论，以主题略论和人物略论为探讨措施，致力于从不同文化环境和主体异同中寻找女性意识觉醒的共同点，展现当代社会女性群体对自我身份的追求和对自立自强主体意识的渴求，并主要探索当代社会女性意识觉醒的三个必备条件，即经济基础、思想基础以及人与人之间的交互作用。
关键词：逃离，日常用品，女性意识，觉醒，必备条件
Abstract
An increasing number of literary critics and scholars turn their attention to feminist literature after recognizing the significance of sexual equality. Many researches have been conducted on feminist literature in order to explore the complicated mental and emotional world of ordinary women. Feminist literature focuses on women’s living condition, experience and emotions. It often carries the theme of feminine consciousness which is defined as women’s experience and realization of their own value.
Runaway is written by Alice Munro which tells a story that Carla runs away a few times before and after marriage in order to pursue her value and independence. In the first runaway she succeeds in escaping from her parents with the expectations for bright future. The second runaway is to escape from her depressive marriage. Despite of Mrs. Sylvia’s help, she fails for her fright and panic. Being picked up by her husband, Carla decides to run away from her ego and resists the temptation of being a woman who is independent and has a clear consciousness. In this story, the different runaways show us a dynamic process of developing feminine consciousness.
Everyday Use is a story from Alice Walker which mainly describes the differences in ideas and behaviors when a black woman and her two daughters achieving their values. The mother is a typical figure of black women in America who has a strong body and an independent personality. The mother loves traditional culture and she is willing to accept new things. Dee is a black girl who receives high education and is eager to be accepted by the white culture. Maggie is a traditional black girl who is oppressed by race and gender. She is often afraid of communicating and learning new things. At the end of the story, her real smile without any scare shows that she has gained some courage for trying to step out of mental restriction.
Runaway and Everyday Use show us readers living conditions and mental struggles of women from different angles. This thesis compares the two stories through analyzing their themes and roles, aiming at discovering the common points of the awakening of feminine consciousness in two different stories. After revealing the pursuit of self-identity and the desire for self-reliance, three prerequisites can be discovered for the awakening of feminine consciousness, that is, economic independence, mental independence and reciprocal influence among people.
Key words: Runaway, Everyday Use, feminine consciousness, awakening, prerequisites
，英语论文 |
