| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 日本白鲫和德国镜鲤远缘杂交发生的子一代，在湖南湘阴望滨渔场比年鱼苗制种和豢养进程中，都表示出身长速度快，抗病力强，群体团圆度小等显著的杂种优势景象。本试验运用随机扩增多态性DNA和微卫星技巧对日本白鲫（♀）×德国镜鲤（♂）杂种一代及双亲停止剖析。从份子遗传学角度去商量它们之间亲缘关系和杂种优势发生机制，所得出的相干目标，为今后临盆理论中相干物种疾速选择和培养新的杂交种作参考。RAPD剖析共选用了112个随机引物，试验挑选出有用引物24个，对日本白鲫（♀）×德国镜鲤（♂）杂种一代及双亲停止了RAPD剖析。成果注解①从多态性位点剖析在德国镜鲤、日本白鲫、F1中检测到的位点数分离为200、207、218，个中多态性位点数分离为63、66、72，多态位点比例分离为31。5%、31。9%、33%。F1多态位点高于怙恃本，注解它的遗传多样性和变异程度最高。②从三个群体间的遗传间隔剖析三个群体间的遗传间隔分离为0。3068（德国镜鲤和日本白鲫）、0。2041（德国镜鲤和F1）、0。1961（日本白鲫和F1）。德国镜鲤和日本白鲫的遗传间隔最年夜，德语毕业论文，注解它们之间具有最年夜的杂交潜力，F1与父本遗传间隔年夜于F1与母本遗传间隔，注解F1与母本亲缘关系更近。③从特异性条带剖析扩增谱带中找到了1个引物（S21）的特异性带是德国镜鲤辨别日本白鲫和F1的份子标志，找到4个引物（S79、S114、S331、S333）扩增出的特异性谱带是日本白鲫辨别德国镜鲤和F1的特异标志，还有1个引物（S106）扩增的特异性谱带可以作为F1辨别怙恃本的遗传标志。在UPGMP聚类图中，24个随机引物能将三个群体的24个别全体辨别开，没有2个个别具有完整雷同的RAPD标志；分歧群体构成各自的分支，使三群体之间全体互相辨别开。JCC和F1最早分为一支，解释F1与母本更类似，形状学外不雅也支撑这一结论。一切个别分离成三个群散布，清楚地反应出个别间的互相关系。试验同时又用挑选的11对微卫星引物对三个群体停止了遗传多样性和亲缘关系剖析。成果注解3个群体在11对微卫星标志中共检测到119个分歧的等位基因，德国镜鲤、日本白鲫、F1中检测的等位基因数分离为36、40和43。均匀每一个引物检测到的等位基因数分离为3。27、3。64和3。91。均匀有用等位基因数分离为3。02、3。54和3。82，均匀不雅察杂合度分离为0。41、0。48和0。53，均匀希冀杂合度0。46、0。50和0。52，均匀多态信息含量为0。50、0。52和0。51。解释这几个群体属于高度多态群体、遗传多样性程度高、种质资本状态优越，德语专业论文，是合适用作亲本选育的群体，能有很好的杂交选育潜力。因而可知，两种办法得出的成果是分歧的即F1的遗传多样性比双亲高，日本白鲫比德国镜鲤高，双亲的纯度高于子一代，双亲的组合具有杂种优势发生的潜能。 Abstract: Japanese crucian carp and German mirror carp outcrossing occurs first filial generation, in Hunan Xiangyin Wang in shore fisheries bugnein fry breeding and feeding process, said origin to the fast speed, strong disease resistance, group reunion degree significant heterosis scene. Test and application of the random amplified polymorphic DNA and microsatellite technique of Japanese white crucian carp * Germany mirror carp (male) hybrids and parental analysis. From the perspective of molecular genetics to discuss their phylogenetic relationships and Heterosis mechanism, income of coherent target, for future birth theory coherent rapid species selection and cultivation of new hybrid as reference. RAPD analysis were selected for the 112 random primers test selected 24 useful primer, of Japanese white crucian carp * Germany mirror carp (male) hybrids and parents stop the RAPD analysis. Results of notes from polymorphic loci analysis in Germany mirror carp and Japanese crucian carp and F1 detected loci separation for 200, 207, 218, medium polymorphism of loci separation for 63, 66, 72, polymorphic loci segregation ratio of 31. 5%, 31. 9%, 33%. F1 polymorphism was higher than that of the parents, and its genetic diversity and variation were the highest. The genetic distance between the three populations was analyzed from three populations, and the genetic distance between the groups was separated into 0. 3068 (German mirror carp and Japanese white crucian carp), 0. 2041 (German mirror carp and F1), 0. 1961 (Japanese white crucian carp and F1). Most of the eve of the German mirror carp and Japanese crucian carp genetic interval and notes between them with the greatest potential for hybridization, F1 and paternal genetic distances in F1 and maternal genetic interval, annotation F1 and parent relationship closer. (3) from specific bands analysis amplified bands found with the specificity of one primer (S21) is the symbol of German mirror carp distinguish Japanese crucian carp and F1 molecules and find four primers (S79, S114, s331, S333) amplified specific spectral band is specific markers of Japanese crucian carp to identify German mirror carp and F1, and one primer (S106) to amplify the specific spectral bands can be as F1 tell parents the genetic markers. In UPGMP dendrogram, 24 random primers to the three groups of 24 individual all distinguish, no two individual has complete identical RAPD markers; differences between the groups constitute the respective branches, among the three groups all mutually distinguish. JCC and F1 first divided into a F1, explain the female parent and more similar, shape outside indecent also support this conclusion. All individual separation into three groups, the spread of a clear response to the individual to each other. At the same time, the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the three groups were analyzed with the selected 11 pairs of microsatellite primers. Results notes 11 groups in 3 pairs of microsatellite markers detected 119 different alleles, the German mirror carp, Japanese white crucian carp, F1 detection of the number of alleles was 36, 40 and 43. The number of alleles detected by each primer was 3. 27, 3. 64 and 3. 91. The average number of alleles was 3. 02, 3. 54 and 3. 82, uniform observation heterozygosity were 0. 41, 0. 48 and 0. 53, the average expected heterozygosity of 0. 46, 0. 50 and 0. 52, the average polymorphism information content was 0. 50, 0. 52 and 0. 51. Interpretation of these groups are highly polymorphic populations, high degree of genetic diversity, germplasm resources, is suitable for the breeding of the parents of the population, can have a good hybrid breeding potential. Therefore, it is known that two methods to draw the results are differences that F1 genetic diversity are greater than its parents, Japanese crucian carp is higher than that of Germany mirror carp, parents purity higher than F1, the combination of parents with Heterosis potential. 目录: |
