汉西指示用语比较探讨Hency instructions comparative study 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，西语论文，内容请直接查看目录。） 指导(Deixis)是人类说话中带有广泛性的景象。指导是语用学研究的一个主要课题。在言语运动中，特别在有一位措辞人和至多一位听话人介入的这类典范的说话外交运动中，为了对介入者所谈及的人物、事物、事宜、进程和运动等作出确实的懂得，必需把它们和某些语境组成要素(如外交产生的时光、空间等)接洽起来，这就是指导这一说话景象，它充足解释了说话和运用说话的语境之间的亲密关系。从说话成长的角度看，任何说话都是先始于行动外交，面临面的行动外交是人类的先人停止外交的独一措施。这类外交措施塑造了人类说话，决议了人类说话的雏形，使之能知足人类说话外交的须要。任何一种人类说话都阅历了这个成长进程，是以在任何说话中都能找到反应出这类外交两边互相听得见、看得见的典范外交措施的指导词项和语法领域。在汉西两种说话中，都有人称代词、指导代词及一些表现时光、所在的副词等词类，统称为指导词语或指导用语(deícticos)。但是，汉西两种说话的说话情势、语义和语用等体系特点都判然不同，汉西比较研究能对两种说话的控制水平、说话教授教养及翻译等方面年夜有裨益。本课题环绕指导用语的汉西双语比较，同类课题在国际触及较少。本论文试图依照指导用语所指导的实际世界中对象的种别，将其分为：人称指导，时光指导，方位指导语及篇章指导和社会指导等几年夜类，汇集汉西双语语料和实例，从语用学、翻译应用和文明等多角度比拟汉西两种说话，从而加深对两种说话指导用语系统的控制和熟悉，更好地应用说话停止交换，翻译和教授教养。 Abstract: Instruction (Deixis) is a widespread phenomenon in human speech. Guidance is a major subject in pragmatics. In the language movement, especially in the speech of a speaker and the audience involved in such a model of speech diplomacy, in order to get involved in the characters, things, matters, processes and sports and so make a real understanding, must put them and some contextual elements (such as diplomatic time, space, etc.), which is the guidance of this speech scene, it is sufficient to explain the relationship between speech and the application of the context of intimate relations. Speaking from the perspective of the growth of, any talk are first began diplomatic action, facing surface of the diplomatic action is the only way to human ancestors to stop foreign. This kind of diplomatic method has shaped the human speech, has decided the human speech prototype, causes the human to be able to satisfy the human to speak the foreign. Any kind of human speech has experienced this growth process, is to be able to find a way in any talk of this kind of diplomacy on both sides of the mutual hearing, visible model of diplomatic methods to guide lexical entry and syntax. In Hency two languages, all have personal pronouns, guide the pronouns and some of the time, where the adverbs such as part of speech, referred to as the guide words or instruction terminology (De, cticos). But Hency two speak speak situation, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the system are disparate. Hency comparative study can on two kinds of speech, speak teaching and translation and so on the eve of the benefit. This topic around the guidance language Hency bilingual comparison of similar topics less involved in international. The category of the object in this paper attempts to in accordance with the guidance of language guide the actual world, which is divided into: personal guidance, guidance in time, range instruction and text guidance and social guidance a few big class, a collection of Spanish bilingual corpus and the examples, from the perspective of pragmatics, translation theory and the Ming multi angle compared to Hency two languages, so as to enhance the two talk instruction terminology system control and familiar with, use the language better stop exchange, translation and teaching. 目录: 中文摘要 3 Introducción 6-10 Capítulo Ⅰ. Deícticos 10-22 1.1. Deixis y anáfora 10-15 1.1.1. Deixis desde un punto de vista pragmático 10-12 1.1.2. Anáfora y catáfora 12-14 1.1.3. Relación entre deixis y anáfora 14-15 1.2. Deícticos 15-19 1.2.1. Definición y categoría de los deícticos 15-16 1.2.2. Uso simbólico y uso gestual 16-18 1.2.3. Uso no deíctico 18-19 1.3. Algunos aspectos generales de diferencia entre el chino y el espa(?)ol 19-22 Capítulo Ⅱ. Deíctico personal 22-44 2.1. Diferencia de formas 23-30 2.1.1. Número y género 23-25 2.1.2. Caso 25-30 2.2. Deícticos con uso metafórico 30-36 2.2.1. Deícticos inclusivos 30-32 2.2.2. Deícticos genéricos 32-33 2.2.3. Deícticos recíprocos 33-35 2.2.4. Deícticos indirectos 35-36 2.3. (?)Son equivalentes o no? 36-44 2.3.1. ‘们’:(?)indicador del valor plural? 37-39 2.3.2. 你(们)／您 y \'Tú(vosotros)/Usted(ustedes)\' 39-42 2.3.3. Sobre el valor equivalente de otros pronombres 42-44 Capítulo Ⅲ. Deícticos espacial y temporal 44-61 3.1. Deíctico espacial 44-49 3.1.1. Pronombres demostrativos 44-46 3.1.2. Adverbios de lugar y verbos relacionados (来、去y \'venir, salir\') 46-48 3.1.3. (?)Distancia real o distancia psicológica? 48-49 3.2. Deíctico temporal 49-61 3.2.1. El concepto del tiempo verbal en espa(?)ol 51-53 3.2.2. Caso implícito relacionado con el \'tiempo verbal\' en chino 53-56 3.2.3. Pre-emptive usage y anti-pre-emptive usage 56-58 3.2.4. Otros usos especiales del deíctico temporal 58-61 Capítulo Ⅳ. Otros tipos de deícticos 61-77 4.1. Deíctico social 61-74 4.1.1. \'Addressivity\' social 61-63 4.1.2. Deíctico social relativo 63-69 4.1.2.1. Uso especial del pronombre—\'Nosotros editorial\' y otros 63-65 4.1.2.2. Distinción T-V (Tú o Usted) 65-67 4.1.2.3. Los apelativos 67-69 4.1.3. Deíctico social absoluto 69-70 4.1.4. Sobre uso especial del artículo en los apelativos 70-74 4.2. Deíctico textual 74-77 Conclusión 77-79 Bibiografía 79-83 |
