厦门市观音山学校王婷老师在一次市级公开课活动上为同行展示了一节精彩的听说课,笔者对此次教学情况进行了整理,并结合此案例,谈谈自己对提高初中英语听说课教学的有效性的一些思考。
一、案例描述及点评
【教材略论】
新目标英语八年级上册Unit 12的中心话题是围绕电影院、商店和电台三个方面谈谈个人的喜好,该话题贴近学生的生活,许多学生有相关的生活体验,其功能目标是使学生掌握最高级这一语法结构。Section A的1a,1b输入了电影院的信息;2a,2b和2c涉及服装店的信息;3a提供了一篇比较电影院、服装店和电台的不同并陈述理由的阅读文本。
根据学生是第一次接触最高级这一目标语法结构,同时还需识记Section A部分23个生词(其中1a~1c就有10个)的学情,开课教师跳过Section A 2a~2c的服装店话题,整合了1a~1c和3a的部分内容,集中全部精力关注电影院话题,在听力信息输入中学习与电影院相关的10个词,感悟和应用最高级这一语法结构,对电影院的地理位置、服务、票价和质量进行比较和评价。
【教学目标和任务】
本节课的教学目标和任务如右表所示(该模板来自杨鹏辉老师):
【教学过程】
(1)Guessing game: Where is it?
Show some pictures two thirds of which are covered and let the students guess: Where's it? What can you see in the theatre? Where can we sit?
Then introduce new words about the topic of cinemas, such as: cinema, movie theatre, big screen, comfortable seat, friendly service.
(2)Quick match with pictures: Practice the new words in this way:
When the teacher says cinema, the students should say movie theater.
cinema→movie theater; friendly→service;
big→screen; seat→comfortable.
(设计意图:通过猜谜游戏引出话题词汇,让学生尽快进入学习状态;通过快速匹配,熟悉新词汇。)
点评:通过猜谜游戏快速导出本单元话题,为学生腾出更多的操练时间。学生在听录音之前,感知了文中的生词和短语,有利于降低听力训练的难度,使他们更准确地理解听力材料。而有趣的Quick match使大多数学生在愉快的气氛和真实的语境中,强化了话题词汇的学习和记忆。
(1)First listening: Tick the names of the cinema you hear
What cinema did you hear.?
A. Town Cinema B. Showtime Cinema
C. Movie Palace D. Gold Theater
E. Screen City
(设计意图:第一次听力主要关注对话中对于电影院的关键性和概括性的信息。采用选择题形式,使学生的听更有针对性,降低了听的难度。)
(2)Second listening: Listen again and check the words you hear paying attention to the underlined parts(1b)
(设计意图:把最高级设计在听力材料中,并用下划线标记出来,引导学生对对话中包含最高级的句型、情节和内容作更深入的认知,提醒学生本节课的目标语法结构。)
(3)Practice
① Quick match: Close—the closest; cheap—the cheapest; big—the biggest; fun—the most fun...
②Memory game: Flash the words on the screen, and ask students to say the superlatives as quickly as they can.
(4)Third listening: Listen and match the statements with the movie theaters(1b)
(Town Cinema= TC; Screen City= SC; Movie Palace = MP)
(设计意图:在了解听力对话大意和熟悉目标语法结构的基础上,要求学生根据电影院的质量、票价、服务等方面的具体描述,填写不同电影院的名称,这是对对话细节的检查,包括词汇短语、目标语法结构的初步应用。此练习关于中上层次的学生来说难度不大,但对中下层次的学生具有挑战性。)
(5)Summary
Service(服务): It has the friendliest service.
Quality(质量): It has the biggest screens. It has the most comfortable seats.
Price(价格): It is the cheapest.
Location(地点): It is the closest to home. It is in the most fun part of town.
Comment(评价): It is the most popular cinema.
(6)Practice
Time racing game: Work in a group of 6 students. Every one says one sentence in order as quickly as they can.
(设计意图:学生经过自悟、总结和教师的引导,明确了可以从五个方面描述电影院的情况,有助于宏观地把握听力材料内容和结构。此外,充分利用听力材料从听过渡到说,进一步落实本单元的教学目标。)
点评:授课教师以电影院为线索创造性地整合教材,利用真实的语境,设置了多个环节(听取不同的电影院信息——用最高级句型来比较不同电影院——回归主话题,提取关键信息),由易到难,逐步深入,由点到面,层层递进,各个击破听力难点。例如,把目标语法结构最高级悄然融入第二遍的听力中,学生在真实语境中感知和体验最高级的用法,在反复的听觉和视觉刺激中,从模糊到清晰地懂得了最高级的结构和如何在各种场合中得体地使用最高级,无需教师费劲地讲解最高级的定义、结构和句型等,充分体现了新课程的语法在语境和语用中学习的教学理念。
建议在Time racing game操练环节后,增加一个小组活动(Talk about why you want to go to...in group)。这样的活动为学生提供了表达的机会,在熟悉并记忆五类七个句型的基础上,学生初步尝试表达喜好并作简要的理由陈述,达到从半控制性操练逐步过渡到简单的语言应用。还有,建议在适当的时机指导学生应用有效的听力策略,英语论文网站,英语论文,提高学生听的能力和技巧。
(1)Read the following paragraph and entitle the passage
________
What do young people think about cinemas in town? We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned. All the movie theaters are good, but the Screen City is the best in our town. It has the biggest screens and the most comfortable seats. However, Town Cinema is the cheapest, and it has the friendliest service.(Key: Cinemas in town)
(2)Read and. find out the key se |