Acknowledgements 4-5 中文摘要 5-6 Abstract 6 Introduction 9-13 Research Background 9-10 Rationale of the Research 10-11 Sample Collection 11 Research Methodology 11 Thesis Structure 11-13 Chapter 1 Theoretical Framework 13-20 1.1 Some Relevant Theories 13-14 1.1.1 Equivalence-Based Theory 13 1.1.2 Nida’s Dynamic / Functional Equivalence 13-14 1.2 German Functionalist Translation Theory 14-20 1.2.1 Development of Functionalist Theory 14-15 1.2.2 Introduction to Translation Skopostheorie 15-17 1.2.3 Text Classification 17-18 1.2.4 Function plus Loyalty 18-19 1.2.5 Translator Training Principles 19-20 Chapter 2 Overview of Signs 20-28 2.1 Definition 20 2.2 Applied Scope of Signs 20-21 2.3 Functions of Signs 21-24 2.3.1 Basic Functions 21-22 2.3.2 Social and Promoting Functions 22-24 2.3.3 Summary 24 2.4 Characteristics of Signs 24-28 2.4.1 Present Tense 24-25 2.4.2 Capitalized Words 25 2.4.3 Abbreviated Form 25 2.4.4 Imperative Sentence 25-26 2.4.5 Common Words 26 2.4.6 Graphic 26 2.4.7 Brief & Concise 26-27 2.4.8 Formal Style 27 2.4.9 Standard Usage 27-28 Chapter 3 Functionalism in the Analysis of the C-E Translation of Commercial Service Signs 28-41 3.1 Functional Typology of Signs 28-29 3.2 Translation Brief 29-30 3.3 Source-Text Analysis 30-31 3.4 Common Errors in Sign Translation 31-41 3.4.1 Linguistic Translation Errors 32-35 3.4.2 Cultural Translation Errors 35-37 3.4.3 Pragmatic Translation Errors 37-40 3.4.4 Text-Specific Translation Errors 40-41 Chapter 4 Translation Strategies from Functionalist Approach 41-47 4.1 Strategies for Linguistic Translation Errors 41-42 4.1.1 Increasing Translator’s Competence and Responsibility 41-42 4.1.2 Being Brief and Concise 42 4.2 Strategies for Cultural Translation Errors 42-43 4.2.1 No Translation 42 4.2.2 Addition of Explanations 42-43 4.2.3 Transliteration 43 4.3 Strategies for Pragmatic Translation Errors 43-46 4.3.1 Borrowing Standard Expressions 43-44 4.3.2 Following the Fixed Patterns 44 4.3.3 Thinking in the Opposite Way 44-45 4.3.4 Tightening Supervision over Sign Translation 45-46 4.4 Strategies for Text-Specific Translation Errors 46-47 Chapter 5 Functionalism in Translator Training 47-49 5.1 More Training Institutions 47-48 5.2 Translator Certificate 48-49 Conclusion 49-52 Major Findings 49 Implications 49-50 Limitations 50 Suggestions for Future Research 50-52 Bibliography 52-54 |
