| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 查理·马特采邑改造以后，采邑成为中世纪西欧最重要的地盘存在情势。除采邑外，非采邑地产，德语毕业论文，如自立地、王室领地、教会地产等亦普遍存在。个中，来源于日耳曼驯服时王公、首级赐地的自立地是特别的存在。封建化过程开端后，德国境内自立地并没有随之采邑化。古日耳曼人的传统、封建主义的成长、外部统治构造和统治者的政策等诸多身分招致自立地历久存在于中世纪德国的汗青中。出于对自立地具有继续权和多种宽免权的盼望，贵族经常经由过程开开荒地、自在平易近委身、购置等门路扩展自立地的规模。历久存在于中世纪德国汗青中的自立地是德国封建主义成长不完整的缘由之一。自立地规模的扩展增进了中世纪德国贵族统治形式的改变。同时，自立地与采邑一同组成了贵族的统治基本，保护并稳固了贵族的优势位置。中世纪德国的汗青在国际学界其实不是研究的核心，德国自立地更是史家鲜少触及的范畴。本论文的目标是对德国10一13世纪的贵族自立地停止初步的研究，剖析自立地在中世纪德国汗青成长过程中的作用。本文共分四部门：第一部门，重要阐述中世纪德国的地盘存在情势，包含采邑、自立地、王室领地和教会地产，并总结出贵族取得地盘的重要措施。第二部门，起首阐述自立地的来源，然后剖析自立地在德国汗青中历久存在的缘由，并指出贵族扩展自立地规模的门路。第三部门，起首说明德国汗青中涌现的“相对自立地”和享有“自立权力”的地盘，德语论文，并剖析两者的权力异同，提醒自立地的责任和限制身分，比拟自立地与采邑在权力上的异同。第四部门，从自立地与德国封建主义成长和贵族优势位置的关系动身，剖析自立地对德国中世纪汗青的作用。 Abstract: Charlie Matt was after the transformation, has become the most important medieval manor site forms. In addition to fief, non manor estate, such as from the site, the Royal territory, the church estate also exist. One, from the German princes tame heads, thanks to the independence is a special existence. The feudal process started in Germany, which has not been independently of feoff. The ancient Germanic peoples traditional feudalism, growth, external rule structure and the rulers of the policy on many factor cause independent is long-standing in the history of medieval Germany. Out of self-reliance has continued right and a variety of relief in the hope, nobles are often through process opens up wasteland, comfortable plain near commitment and purchase opportunities expansion independent of scale. For a long time in the history of medieval Germany in independence is one of the reason of incomplete growth of German feudalism. Independently promote the expansion of the scale of medieval Germany aristocratic forms of change. At the same time, independently and together constitute a feudal aristocracy, protection and strong aristocratic position. Medieval German history in the international academia actually study is not the core, Germany independently is category of historians rarely touched. The goal of this thesis is on the 10 thirteenth Century German nobility independent preliminary study, to analyze the effect of self-reliance in medieval German history in the process of growth. This paper is divided into four parts: First Department, important to elaborate medieval German territory existence situation, contains the fief, self-reliance, crown lands and church "s estate, and summed up the noble access to land an important method. The second part chapeau on independent sources, and then analyze independently in German history is long-standing reason, and pointed out that the noble expansion scale for autonomy. The third sector, first and foremost that German history in the emergence of a "relatively independent" and enjoy the "self power" of the site, and analyze the power difference between the two, remind the independent liability and limitation of identity, compared to independent and fief in power differences. The fourth part, starting from the relationship between independent and German feudalism growth and aristocratic superiority position, independent analysis of German medieval history. 目录: 摘要 4-6 Abstract 6-7 引言 11-17 一、中世纪德国土地存在形式及贵族获得土地的方式 17-33 （一）土地的存在形式 17-25 （二）贵族获得土地的方式 25-33 二、中世纪德国自主地存续原因及扩大途径 33-50 （一）自主地的起源 34-36 （二）自主地的扩大途径 36-41 （三）自主地在中世纪德国长期存在的原因 41-50 三、10-13 世纪德国自主地的特点 50-65 （一）自主地的存在形式 50-55 （二）自主地的义务与限制自主地权利的因素 55-60 （三）采邑与自主地的权利差别 60-65 四、自主地对中世纪德国的历史作用 65-87 （一）自主地与德国封建主义的发展 65-69 （二）自主地与德国贵族优势地位 69-87 结语 87-89 参考文献 89-98 附录 98-101 致谢 101-102 |
